Table 2 Patient-rated and clinician-rated outcomes pre-post (N = 475). Paired t-tests and effect sizes (Cohen’s d). Descriptive statistics of patient satisfaction at the end of treatment
Clinical outcome | Start of treatment | End of treatment | Change from start of treatment to end of treatment | ||
Patient-reported outcome | |||||
Psychiatric symptoms (CORE-10) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | P | Cohen’s d |
1. Felt tense, anxious or nervous | 3.26 (0.81) | 2.54 (1.04) | 0.72 (1.05) | < .001 | 0.68 |
2. Felt have someone to turn to for support | 2.37 (1.13) | 2.68 (1.02) | -0.31 (1.28) | < .001 | -0.24 |
3. Felt able to cope when things go wrong | 1.77 (0.93) | 2.20 (0.92) | -0.43 (1.14) | < .001 | -0.37 |
4. Talking to people have felt too much | 2.16 (1.13) | 1.75 (1.13) | 0.41 (1.26) | < .001 | 0.32 |
5. Felt panic or terror | 2.51 (1.16) | 1.80 (1.21) | 0.72 (1.17) | < .001 | 0.61 |
6. Made plans to end my life | 1.30 (1.34) | 0.73 (1.08) | 0.58 (1.17) | < .001 | 0.49 |
7. Had difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep | 2.85 (1.17) | 2.23 (1.26) | 0.62 (1.28) | < .001 | 0.48 |
8. Felt despairing or hopeless | 2.95 (0.98) | 1.96 (1.22) | 0.99 (1.17) | < .001 | 0.85 |
9. Felt unhappy | 3.16 (0.94) | 2.29 (1.24) | 0.87 (1.20) | < .001 | 0.72 |
10. Distressing unwanted images or memories | 2.39 (1.31) | 2.05 (1.24) | 0.24 (1.25) | < .001 | 0.27 |
CORE-10 total sum | 24.45 (6.12) | 18.47 (7.91) | 5.97 (6.98) | < .001 | 0.86 |
Symptom level for CORE-10 total sum | N (%) | N (%) | |||
Low symptom level (0–10) | 19 (2.1) | 79 (16.6) | |||
Mild to moderate symptom level (11–25) | 211 (44.4) | 281 (59.1) | |||
Serious symptom level (26–40) | 254 (53.5) | 115 (24.2) | |||
Clinician-reported outcome | |||||
Psychiatric and other problems (HoNOS) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | P | Cohen’s d |
1. Overactive, aggressive or agitated | 0.39 (0.68) | 0.25 (0.54) | 0.13 (0.68) | < .001 | 0.10 |
2. Non-accidental self-injury | 0.73 (1.10) | 0.33 (0.77) | 0.39 (1.10) | < .001 | 0.26 |
3. Problem drinking or drug-taking | 0.44 (0.97) | 0.24 (0.68) | 0.20 (.073) | < .001 | 0.18 |
4. Cognitive problems | 0.55 (0.74) | 0.34 (0.61) | 0.21 (0.76) | < .001 | 0.19 |
5. Physical illness or disability | 0.65 (1.11) | 0.45 (0.93) | 0.20 (0.82) | < .001 | 0.15 |
6. Hallucinations and delusions | 0.17 (0.60) | 0.10 (0.44) | 0.07 (0.41) | < .001 | 0.08 |
7. Depressed mood | 2.15 (0.98) | 1.45 (1.03) | 0.71 (1.07) | < .001 | 0.56 |
8. Other mental and behavior problems | 2.61 (0.93) | 1.91 (1.02) | 0.68 (1.13) | < .001 | 0.50 |
9. Problems with relationships | 1.46 (1.16) | 1.18 (1.01) | 0.28 (1.10) | < .001 | 0.17 |
10. Problems in activities of daily living | 1.08 (1.10) | 0.75 (0.94) | 0.33 (1.12) | < .001 | 0.20 |
11. Problems with living conditions | 0.27 (0.79) | 0.21 (0.65) | 0.06 (0.70) | .055 | 0.00 |
12. Problems with occupation and activities | 0.78 (1.18) | 0.68 (1.00) | 0.11 (1.17) | .039 | 0.01 |
HoNOS total sum | 11.16 (4.84) | 6.56 (4.00) | 4.59 (4.43) | < .001 | 1.04 |
End of treatment | |||||
Patient satisfaction with treatment (CSQ8) | Mean (SD) | ||||
1. How would you rate the quality of the service you have received? | 3.56 (0.62) | ||||
2. Did you get the kind of service you wanted? | 3.47 (0.61) | ||||
3. To what extent did the program meet your needs? | 3.28 (0.68) | ||||
4. If a friend were in need of similar help, would you recommend the program to him or her? | 3.71 (0.49) | ||||
5. How satisfied are you with the amount of help you have received? | 3.51 (0.68) | ||||
6. Have the services you received help you deal more effectively with your problems? | 3.47 (0.58) | ||||
7. In an overall general sense, how satisfied are you with the services you have received? | 3.58 (0.58) | ||||
8. If you were to seek help again, would you come back to the service? | 3.62 (0.58) | ||||
Service user satisfaction (CSQ8 total sum) | 28.19 (3.74) | ||||