Table 1 Characteristics of participants (n = 1023)
Characteristics | Median (Interquartile Range) | Frequency (%) |
|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 20 (19–20) |  |
Gender | Â | Â |
 Male  Female |  | 313 (30.6) 710 (69.4) |
Education Year | Â | Â |
 First year  Second year  Third year  Fourth year (preclinical) |  | 162 (15.8) 419 (41.0) 327 (32.0) 112 (11.2) |
Family Financial Background | Â | Â |
 High family income level  Moderate family income level  Low family income level  Very low family income level |  | 427 (41.7) 362 (35.4) 195 (19.1) 39 (3.8) |
Current Mental Health Disturbances (GHQ-12) | 18 (15–21) |  |
 Without current mental health disturbances  Psychological distress  Social dysfunction  Both psychological distress and social dysfunction |  | 521 (50.9) 131 (12.8) 163 (15.9) 208 (20.4) |
Depression (PHQ-9) | 13 (10–17) |  |
 None to minimal depression  Mild depression  Moderate depression  Moderate to severe depression  Severe depression |  | 48 (4.7) 184 (18.0) 361 (35.3) 324 (31.7) 106 (10.4) |
Sleep Quality (PSQI) | 6 (4–9) |  |
 Without sleep disturbance  With sleep disturbance |  | 399 (39) 624 (61) |
Total Screen Time per day (minutes)  Screen time for television  Screen time for laptop  Screen time for smartphones  Screen time for video games  Screen time for online games | 930 (660–1208) 10 (0–60) 430 (300–600) 360 (180–540) 0 (0–7.50) 0 (0–60) |  |