Table 4 Summary of characteristics identified from included studies reporting PSP score
Subgroup factors | Stratification factor | Study ID | Study design | Sample size | PSP score (mean ± SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prior treatment with OAP | Risperidone (RIS) | Schreiner 2014 [44] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 191 | Baseline: 57.8 ± 12.3; Endpoint: 68.2 ± 13.9; Change: 10.4 ± 13.8 |
Si 2016 [45] | Pre-post trial (NCT01685931) | 263 | Baseline: 45.0 ± 13.6; Change: 19.5 ± 15.9 | ||
Sliwa 2011 [29] | Post hoc RCT (NCT00590577) | 106 | Baseline: 50.76 ± 12.05; Change: 11.70 ± 16.96 | ||
Olanzapine (OLA) | Schreiner 2014 [44] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 87 | Baseline: 61.5 ± 14.6; Endpoint: 66.0 ± 17.7; Change: 4.5 ± 15.9 | |
Si 2016 [45] | Pre-post trial (NCT01685931) | 52 | Baseline: 43.8 ± 14.2; Change: 17.1 ± 17.2 | ||
Aripiprazole (ARI) | Schreiner 2014 [44] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 46 | Baseline: 58.9 ± 13.4; Endpoint: 62.9 ± 15.2; Change: 3.9 ± 13.2 | |
Paliperidone | Magliocco 2020 [40] | Observational study | 12 | Baseline: 46.75 ± 10.50; Endpoint-Mean: 59.75 | |
Paliperidone extended-release (Pali ER) | Schreiner 2014 [44] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 104 | Baseline: 58.3 ± 13.7; Endpoint: 65.4 ± 16.4; Change: 7.0 ± 13.8 | |
Quetiapine (QUE) | Schreiner 2014 [44] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 44 | Baseline: 56.3 ± 12.0; Endpoint: 64.2 ± 15.9; Change: 7.9 ± 12.4 | |
Other (chlorpromazine, haloperidol, penfluridol, perphenazine, sulpiride, aripiprazole, ziprasidone, amisulpride, quetiapine fumarate, amisulpride, clozapine) | Si 2016 [45] | Pre-post trial (NCT01685931) | 293 | Baseline: 44.9 ± 13.6; Change: 19.6 ± 16.5 | |
Ethnicity | Asia-Pacific region patients | Zhang 2015 [49] | Pre-post trial (NCT01051531) | 516 | Baseline: 58.5 ± 16.18; Change: 10.5 ± 19.55 |
Asian patients | Li 2016 [37] | Observational study | 212 | Baseline: 42.81 ± 13.07; Change: 18.86 ± 17.48 | |
Li 2016 [49] | Pre-post trial (NCT01527305) | 212 | Baseline: 42.83 ± 13.11; Change: 18.88 ± 16.66 | ||
Li 2016 [38] | Pre-post trial (NCT01527305) | 212 | Baseline: 42.8 ± 13.14; Change: 18.8 ± 17.56 | ||
Chinese Patients | Zhang 2015 [46] | Pre-post trial (NCT01051531) | 108 | Baseline: 53.8 ± 16.03; Change: 15.9 ± 19.65 | |
Si 2016 [45] | Pre-post trial (NCT01685931) | 608 | Baseline: 44.85 ± 13.62; Change: 19.34 ± 16.26 | ||
Stage of disease | Acute Patients | Li 2016 [37] | Observational study | 212 | Baseline: 42.81 ± 13.07; Change: 18.86 ± 17.48 |
Li 2016 [49] | Pre-post trial (NCT01527305) | 212 | Baseline: 42.83 ± 13.11; Change: 18.88 ± 16.66 | ||
Li 2016 [38] | Observational study | 212 | Baseline: 42.8 ± 13.14; Change: 18.8 ± 17.56 | ||
Schreiner 2014 [36] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 212 | Baseline: 43.9 ± 15.0; LOCF Endpoint: 62.9 ± 17.1; Change: 19.0 ± 18.7 | ||
Si 2016 [45] | Pre-post trial (NCT01685931) | 608 | Baseline: 44.85 ± 13.62; Change: 19.34 ± 16.26 | ||
Sliwa 2011 [29] | Post hoc RCT (NCT00590577) | 106 | Baseline: 50.76 ± 12.05; Change: 11.70 ± 16.96 | ||
Stable Patients | Bozzatello 2018 [34] | RCT (ACTRN12618001113246) | 33 | Baseline: 52.81 ± 6.82; Endpoint: 65.22 ± 9.64 | |
Schreiner 2014 [44] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 472 | Baseline: 58.56 ± 13.06; Endpoint: 66.28 ± 15.43; Change: 7.70 ± 13.94 | ||
Schreiner 2014 [35] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 589 | Baseline-Mean: 58.11; Endpoint-Mean: 66.06 | ||
Schreiner 2014 [43] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 593 | Baseline: 58.1 ± 13.4; LOCF Endpoint: 66.1 ± 15.7 | ||
Duration of illness (DI) | DI ≤ 3 years | Kim 2021 [6] | Observational study | 240 | All three groups showed significant improvements in PSP scores after the treatment with Paliperidone LAI and patients with DI less than 3 years demonstrated the highest PSP scores (DI, p<0.001; DI*week, p=0.436; week, p<0.001) *. |
3 < DI ≤10 years | Kim 2021 [6] | Observational study | 442 | ||
DI > 10 years | Kim 2021 [6] | Observational study | 484 | ||
≤5 years | Li 2016 [47] | Pre-post trial (NCT01527305) | 88 | Baseline: 42.6 ± 13.13; Change: 25.4 ± 16.22* | |
Zhang 2015 [49] | Pre-post trial (NCT01051531) | 516 | Baseline: 58.5 ± 16.18; Change: 10.5 ± 19.55 | ||
>5 years | Li 2016 [47] | Pre-post trial (NCT01527305) | 124 | Baseline: 43.0 ± 13.21; Change: 14.4 ± 17.11* | |
≤3 years | Schreiner 2014 [35] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 231 | Baseline-Mean: 59.2; Endpoint-Mean: 67.7 | |
>3 years | Schreiner 2014 [35] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 358 | Baseline-Mean: 57.4; Endpoint-Mean: 65.0 | |
Reason for switching PP1M | Switched for Lack of Efficacy | Schreiner 2014 [43] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 144 | Change: 5.5 ± 12.3*;LOCF Baseline: 55.3 ± 12.3 |
Switched for Other Reasons | Schreiner 2014 [43] | Pre-post trial (NCT01281527) | 449 | Change: 8.8 ± 14.4*;LOCF Baseline: 59.0 ± 13.6 | |
Time of start injection of PP1M | ≤1 week | Li 2016 [37] | Observational study | 121 | Baseline: 43.8 ± 12.27; Change: 19.8 ± 16.50* |
>1 week | Li 2016 [37] | Observational study | 91 | Baseline: 41.5 ± 14.19; Change: 17.6 ± 18.89* | |
History of hospitalization | ≥1 | Li 2016 [37] | Observational study | 212 | Baseline: 42.81 ± 13.07; Change: 18.86 ± 17.48 |
PANSS total score at baseline | Continuous measures | Li 2018 [24] | Pre-post trial (Multivariate analysis) | NR | PSP>70: Odds Ratio (95%CI): 0.97 (0.96-0.99), p= 0.0102* |
PSP total score at baseline | Continuous measures | Li 2018 [24] | Pre-post trial (Multivariate analysis) | NR | PSP>70: Odds Ratio (95%CI): 1.07 (1.05-1.10), p<0.0001* |