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Table 1 Characteristics of Participants who answered CMS PHQ-2 survey in Black Impact Pilot Study stratified by PHQ-2 Score 0 vs. 1+

From: Improving mental health in black men through a 24-week community-based lifestyle change intervention: the black impact program

 

Overall

(N = 71)

PHQ-2 Score 0

(N = 42)

PHQ-2 Score 1+

(N = 29)

p-value

Age

52.0 (10.5)

53.0 (10.2)

50.7 (10.9)

0.363

Marital Status

   

0.462

 Married

38 (53.5%)

25 (59.5%)

13 (44.8%)

 

 Widowed

1 (1.4%)

1 (2.4%)

0 (0%)

 

 Divorced

13 (18.3%)

6 (14.3%)

7 (24.1%)

 

 Separated

1 (1.4%)

1 (2.4%)

0 (0%)

 

 Never Married

18 (25.4%)

9 (21.4%)

9 (31.0%)

 

Number of Children

3.03 (1.56)

3.26 (1.52)

2.69 (1.58)

0.129

Annual Income

   

0.187

 <$20,000

4 (5.6%)

4 (9.5%)

0 (0%)

 

 $20,000-$49,999

19 (26.8%)

7 (16.7%)

12 (41.4%)

 

 $50,000-$74,999

22 (31.0%)

11 (26.2%)

11 (37.9%)

 

 >= $75,000

16 (22.5%)

12 (28.6%)

4 (13.8%)

 

 Missing

10 (14.1%)

8 (19.0%)

2 (6.9%)

 

Employment Status

   

0.236

 Employed

60 (84.5%)

33 (78.6%)

27 (93.1%)

 

 Retired

7 (9.9%)

6 (14.3%)

1 (3.4%)

 

 Unemployed

4 (5.6%)

3 (7.1%)

1 (3.4%)

 

Education

   

0.518

 High School or equivalent

7 (9.9%)

6 (14.3%)

1 (3.4%)

 

 Some College

27 (38.0%)

13 (31.0%)

14 (48.3%)

 

 Vocational/Technical School (2 year)

7 (9.9%)

4 (9.5%)

3 (10.3%)

 

 College Graduate (4 year)

18 (25.4%)

11 (26.2%)

7 (24.1%)

 

 Master’s Degree (MS)

11 (15.5%)

7 (16.7%)

4 (13.8%)

 

 Professional Degree (MD,JD, etc.)

1 (1.4%)

1 (2.4%)

0 (0%)

 

Health Insurance Status

   

0.480

 Private insurance

52 (73.2%)

32 (76.2%)

20 (69.0%)

 

 Medicaid/Medicare

6 (8.5%)

3 (7.1%)

3 (10.3%)

 

 Military insurance

4 (5.6%)

1 (2.4%)

3 (10.3%)

 

 No insurance

9 (12.7%)

6 (14.3%)

3 (10.3%)

 

Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

139 (20.1)

139 (18.0)

140 (23.2)

0.943

 Missing

1 (1.4%)

0 (0%)

1 (3.4%)

 

Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

87.7 (13.4)

87.3 (11.6)

88.3 (16.0)

0.749

Missing

1 (1.4%)

0 (0%)

1 (3.4%)

 

Blood Glucose (mmol/L)

6.9 (3.0)

7.3 (3.6)

6.4 (2.0)

0.197

Total Cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.1 (1.1)

4.2 (1.3)

4.0 (0.9)

0.555

Body Weight (pounds)

238 (64.8)

253 (70.4)

216 (48.9)

0.017

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)

33.2 (7.52)

34.8 (7.81)

30.9 (6.54)

0.030

High Cholesterol Medication

   

0.218

 Yes

19 (26.8%)

14 (33.3%)

5 (17.2%)

 

 No

52 (73.2%)

28 (66.7%)

24 (82.8%)

 

Diabetes Medication

   

0.304

 Yes

18 (25.4%)

13 (31.0%)

5 (17.2%)

 

 No

53 (74.6%)

29 (69.0%)

24 (82.8%)

 

High Blood Pressure Medication

   

0.921

 Yes

36 (50.7%)

22 (52.4%)

14 (48.3%)

 

 No

35 (49.3%)

20 (47.6%)

15 (51.7%)

 

Life’s Simple 7 Body Mass Index

   

0.057

 Ideal

7 (9.9%)

3 (7.1%)

4 (13.8%)

 

 Intermediate

25 (35.2%)

11 (26.2%)

14 (48.3%)

 

 Poor

39 (54.9%)

28 (66.7%)

11 (37.9%)

 

Life’s Simple 7 Physical Activitya

   

0.016

 Ideal

37 (52.1%)

25 (59.5%)

12 (41.4%)

 

 Intermediate

29 (40.8%)

17 (40.5%)

12 (41.4%)

 

 Poor

5 (7.0%)

0 (0%)

5 (17.2%)

 

Life’s Simple 7 Blood Glucose

   

0.294

 Ideal

18 (25.4%)

11 (26.2%)

7 (24.1%)

 

 Intermediate

32 (45.1%)

16 (38.1%)

16 (55.2%)

 

 Poor

21 (29.6%)

15 (35.7%)

6 (20.7%)

 

Life’s Simple 7 Blood Pressure

   

0.162

 Ideal

5 (7.0%)

1 (2.4%)

4 (13.8%)

 

 Intermediate

31 (43.7%)

20 (47.6%)

11 (37.9%)

 

 Poor

34 (47.9%)

21 (50.0%)

13 (44.8%)

 

 Missing

1 (1.4%)

0 (0%)

1 (3.4%)

 

Life’s Simple 7 Smoking

   

0.387

 Ideal

59 (83.1%)

37 (88.1%)

22 (75.9%)

 

 Intermediate

2 (2.8%)

1 (2.4%)

1 (3.4%)

 

 Poor

10 (14.1%)

4 (9.5%)

6 (20.7%)

 

Life’s Simple 7 Cholesterol

   

0.072

 Ideal

40 (56.3%)

20 (47.6%)

20 (69.0%)

 

 Intermediate

26 (36.6%)

17 (40.5%)

9 (31.0%)

 

 Poor

5 (7.0%)

5 (11.9%)

0 (0%)

 

Life’s Simple 7 Diet

   

0.395

 Ideal

1 (1.4%)

0 (0%)

1 (3.4%)

 

 Intermediate

32 (45.1%)

20 (47.6%)

12 (41.4%)

 

 Poor

28 (39.4%)

15 (35.7%)

13 (44.8%)

 

 Missing

10 (14.1%)

7 (16.7%)

3 (10.3%)

 

Physical Activity Minutes/Weeka

225 (219)

253 (239)

184 (184)

0.197

Life’s Simple 7 Score

7.48 (1.76)

7.29 (1.67)

7.76 (1.88)

0.308

 Missing

11 (15.5%)

7 (16.7%)

4 (13.8%)

 

CES-D

10.9 (8.98)

6.17 (4.82)

17.6 (9.28)

< 0.001

 Missing

1 (1.4%)

1 (2.4%)

0 (0%)

 

CES-D > 16

   

< 0.001

 Yes

18 (25.4%)

2 (4.8%)

16 (55.2%)

 

 No

52 (73.2%)

39 (92.9%)

13 (44.8%)

 

 Missing

1 (1.4%)

1 (2.4%)

0 (0%)

 

Perceived Stress Score

14.5 (7.28)

11.0 (5.71)

19.5 (6.30)

< 0.001

Mental Component Score

45.4 (15.3)

51.6 (11.0)

36.5 (16.3)

< 0.001

PHQ-2 Score

0.986 (1.50)

0 (0)

2.41 (1.43)

< 0.001

  1. Mean (SD) or count (percentage) are listed. P-values were calculated using chi-square (categorical variables), and two-sample t-test (parametric continuous variables). Significant p-values are bolded
  2. n = 60 participants for Life’s Simple 7 Score; 61 participants for annual income and LS7 Diet; 70 participants for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and CES-D; and 71 participants for all other categories
  3. a Physical activity was calculated from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Accountable Health Communities Health-Related Social Needs Screening Tool’s 2 questions on physical activity
  4. Abbreviations: AHA = American Heart Association, LS7 = Life’s Simple 7, Cardiovascular Health recommendations were defined by AHA 2020 guidelines (Supplemental Table 4).
  5. SI conversion factors: To convert total cholesterol from millimoles per liter to milligrams per deciliter, multiply by 38.6; to convert glucose from millimoles per liter to milligrams per deciliter, multiply by 18.