Table 3 Overview of neurobehavioral changes pre-to-post MBI in substance use disorder
Author, Year | Behavior changes pre-post mindfulness intervention | fMRI | Brain functional changes | Brain-behavior associations | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substance use | Mindfulness/other | Task | Analysis method | Function | Direction, region | Cohen’s d | p, correction | Z or t | ||
Fahmy, Wasfi (26) |  | ↑ Mindfulness (FMI), stress tolerance/appraisal/ absorption/regulation (DTS) ↓ negative urgency (UPPS-P) = positive urgency, premeditation, perseverance, sensation seeking (UPPS-P) | Rest (eyes closed) | Whole brain ICA (aDMN, pDMN) | Connectivity | ↓ rSFG (aDMN) = pDMN |  | P < .05 FDR-corrected | Z = 4 | Neg. Cor. Mindfulness (FMI) & rSFG connectivity r = − .6  N.S. Cor. UPPS-P (negative urgency, premeditation, perseverance), DTS (tolerance, appraisal, absorption, regulation) & rSFG connectivity |
Janes, Datko (28) | ↓ Cigs/day |  | Cue reactivity (nicotine vs. neutral) | ROI (PCC) control seeds: mPFC, anterior insula | Activity | = PCC cue-reactivity |  | P < .05 corrected with permutation testing |  | Pos. Cor. ΔCigs/day & ΔPCC, PCC, mPFC N.S. Cor. ΔCigs/day & anterior insula |
Kragel, Sweitzer (30) |  | = Mindfulness (FFMQ), stress (PSS) | Cue reactivity (food vs. neutral) | Whole brain | Activity | ↓ paraACC/SFG, fusiform, dmPFC, occipital, post-central/superior parietal, precentral, premotor |  | P < .05 cluster correction | Z = 4.09–5.93 |  |
Kober, Brewer (29)* | ↑ Craving post stress scenarios | ↑ stress (VAS) post stress scenarios | Cue reactivity (stress vs. neutral) | Whole brain | Activity |  |  | P < .05 FWE-corrected |  |  |
Tang, Tang (9) | ↓ Craving, CO |  | Rest (eyes closed) | Whole brain (fALFF) | Activity | ↑ ACC/mPFC & IFG/vlPFC |  | P < .05 montecarlo -corrected | t = 3.66–4.99 |  N.S. Cor. Craving, CO & ACC/mPFC, IFG/vlPFC |