Table 1 Participants’ characteristics of online survey in Japan screened and mean scores of euthymia scale, psychological well-being (PWB) scale, resilience, life satisfaction, and social support by past major depressive episodes (MDE) measured by self-reported the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) (N = 1030)
History of MDE | p-value† | ||
|---|---|---|---|
None (n = 515) | Yes (n = 515) | ||
N (%) | N (%) | ||
Sex male | 240 (46.6) | 248 (48.2) | 0.618 |
Age mean (SD) [min - max] | 46.8 (13.5) [20–88] | 46.8 (13.5) [20–88] | < 0.001** |
20–24 years old | 16 (3.1) | 18 (3.5) | |
25–29 | 32 (6.2) | 50 (9.7) | |
30–34 | 46 (8.9) | 62 (12.0) | |
35–39 | 44 (8.5) | 60 (11.7) | |
40–44 | 44 (8.5) | 61 (11.8) | |
45–49 | 80 (15.5) | 90 (17.5) | |
50–54 | 80 (15.5) | 66 (12.8) | |
55–59 | 49 (9.5) | 54 (10.5) | |
> 60 | 124 (24.1) | 54 (10.5) | |
Married | 355 (68.9) | 293 (56.9) | < 0.001** |
Having a child/ children | 325 (63.1) | 270 (52.4) | 0.001** |
Household income | 0.833 | ||
< 2 million yen | 31 (6.0) | 36 (7.0) | |
2–4 | 89 (17.3) | 83 (16.1) | |
4–6 | 116 (22.5) | 108 (21.0) | |
6–8 | 78 (15.1) | 75 (14.6) | |
8–10 | 40 (7.8) | 53 (10.3) | |
10< | 42 (8.2) | 40 (7.8) | |
unknown | 119 (23.1) | 120 (23.3) | |
Education status | 0.012* | ||
Junior high school | 15 (2.9) | 11 (2.1) | |
High school | 173 (33.6) | 132 (25.6) | |
College | 126 (24.5) | 116 (22.5) | |
Undergraduate school | 187 (36.3) | 232 (45.0) | |
Upper than graduate school | 14 (2.7) | 23 | |
Unknown | -(−) | 1 (0.2) | |
Scale [range] | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
Euthymia scale [0–10] | 7.35 (2.54) | 4.57 (2.86) | < 0.001** |
PWB | |||
Autonomy [7–49] | 29.86 (5.46) | 27.6 (6.45) | < 0.001** |
Environmental mastery [7–49] | 30.93 (5.01) | 26.0 (5.88) | < 0.001** |
Personal growth [7–49] | 31.43 (5.77) | 27.9 (6.88) | < 0.001** |
Positive relationships with others [7–49] | 31.43 (5.66) | 27.7 (6.97) | < 0.001** |
Purpose in life [7–49] | 30.02 (4.28) | 28.0 (4.94) | < 0.001** |
Self-acceptance [7–49] | 30.08 (5.70) | 24.9 (7.09) | < 0.001** |
Resilience [10–70] | 46.1 (9.22) | 38.9 (10.5) | < 0.001** |
Life satisfaction [5–35] | 20.6 (6.05) | 16.0 (6.85) | < 0.001** |
Social support [1–7] | 5.01 (1.27) | 4.26 (1.53) | < 0.001** |