Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 as a potential marker for MDD diagnosis, its clinical characteristics, and treatment efficacy validation: data from an open-label vortioxetine study

Table 2 Spearman’s correlation coefficients between demographic, psychopathological, neuropsychological characteristics and serum IGF-1 levels in MDD patients and HC

Variables	r_s
Age, years	−0.25**
Number of DE	0.31**
Duration of DE, weeks	0.42**
Education, years	−0.07
CGI-S score	0.51**
PDQ-5 total score	0.40**
MADRS total score	0.48**
Apparent sadness	0.45**
Reported sadness	0.50**
Inner tension	0.53**
Reduced sleep	0.30**
Reduced appetite	0.38**
Concentration difficulties	0.46**
Lassitude	0.36**
Inability to feel	0.47**
Pessimistic thoughts	0.53**
Suicidal thoughts	0.35**
RAVLT immediate recall total score	−0.34**
RAVLT proactive interference score	−0.23*
RAVLT retroactive interference score	−0.37**
RAVLT delayed recall score	−0.32**
RAVLT delayed recognition score	−0.05
TMT-B (s)	0.40**
DSST number of correct symbols	−0.21*

ISSN: 1471-244X