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Table 3 Relationship between demographic variables and depression, anxiety and stress

From: Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress in patients with multiple sclerosis in Kermanshah-Iran: a cross-sectional study

Variables

Depression

Mean ± SDa

p-value

Anxiety

Mean ± SD

p-value

Stress

Mean ± SD

p-value

Gender

Male

7.5 ± 4.2

0.413

9.9 ± 5.7

0.347

6.9 ± 4.7

0.216

Female

8.4 ± 5.1

8.6 ± 5.8

8.4 ± 5.5

Family history

Yes

8.2 ± 3.8

0.985

10.0 ± 5.9

0.553

7.2 ± 5.6

0.877

No

8.1 ± 5.0

8.9 ± 5.8

7.4 ± 4.9

History of the disease

Yes

8.7 ± 4.8

0.554

9.1 ± 5.9

0.985

7.4 ± 5.7

0.949

No

7.9 ± 4.9

9.0 ± 5.8

7.4 ± 4.8

Smoking

Yes

6.4 ± 2.6

0.136

8.7 ± 5.4

0.884

7.3 ± 3.8

0.949

No

8.3 ± 5.0

9.0 ± 5.9

7.4 ± 5.1

physical activity

Yes

7.5 ± 4.8

0.284

8.7 ± 5.6

0.680

6.8 ± 5.0

0.111

No

8.6 ± 4.8

9.2 ± 5.9

8.2 ± 4.9

Marital status

Single

7.5 ± 4.6

0.531

9.6 ± 5.6

0.751

6.8 ± 4.7

0.221

Married

8.6 ± 5.1

8.70 ± 5.9

7.9 ± 5.2

Divorced and aligned

6.5 ± 3.5

8.0 ± 9.9

2.5 ± 2.1

Occupation

Housekeeper

9.1 ± 5.1

0.023

8.9 ± 6.1

0.154

7.4 ± 5.0

0.601

Unemployed

7.0 ± 3.4

10.1 ± 5.3

7.7 ± 5.4

Self-employed

6.9 ± 4.8

8.1 ± 5.6

7.0 ± 5.2

Employee

3.2 ± 3.1

4.6 ± 2.7

5.4 ± 4.3

Retired

12.3 ± 4.7

14.7 ± 5.1

11.3 ± 2.5

  1. aStandard deviation