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Table 2 Hazard Ratios and Confidence Intervals (95%) of incident depression according to the level of competitiveness, tension and dependency

From: Self-perceived level of competitiveness, tension and dependency and depression risk in the SUN cohort

 

Low

Moderate

High

P for trend

 

(1–4)

(5–6)

(7–10)

 

Competitiveness

 N

1170

3788

10,646

 

 Incidence of depression

72

217

613

 

 Person/years

12,075

38,901

107,161

 

 Crude rates

1 (ref)

0.90 (0.69–1.18)

0.92 (0.72–1.17)

0.747

 Model 1

1 (ref)

0.90 (0.69–1.17)

0.95 (0.75–1.21)

0.826

 Model 2

1 (ref)

0.89 (0.68–1.16)

0.96 (0.75–1.22)

0.721

 Model 3

1 (ref)

0.89 (0.68–1.17)

0.95 (0.75–1.22)

0.782

 Model 4

1 (ref)

0.84 (0.64–1.10)

0.78 (0.61–1.01)

0.105

Tension

 N

3852

4766

6986

 

 Incidence of depression

149

238

515

 

 Person/years

38,793

47,819

71,527

 

 Crude rates

1 (ref)

1.32 (1.08–1.63)

1.86 (1.55–2.23)

< 0.001

 Model 1

1 (ref)

1.29 (1.05–1.58)

1.81 (1.51–2.18)

< 0.001

 Model 2

1 (ref)

1.31 (1.07–1.61)

1.83 (1.53–2.20)

< 0.001

 Model 3

1 (ref)

1.30 (1.06–1.60)

1.80 (1.50–2.17)

< 0.001

 Model 4

1 (ref)

1.32 (1.07–1.62)

1.85 (1.52–2.24)

< 0.001

Dependency

 N

10,407

1653

3544

 

 Incidence of depression

547

117

238

 

 Person/years

105,498

17,049

35,592

 

 Crude rates

1 (ref)

1.36 (1.11–1.67)

1.30 (1.12–1.52)

< 0.001

 Model 1

1 (ref)

1.31 (1.07–1.60)

1.30 (1.12–1.52)

< 0.001

 Model 2

1 (ref)

1.31 (1.06–1.61)

1.30 (1.12–1.52)

< 0.001

 Model 3

1 (ref)

1.30 (1.06–1.59)

1.30 (1.11–1.52)

< 0.001

 Model 4

1 (ref)

1.24 (1.01–1.54)

1.23 (1.06–1.44)

0.004

  1. Model 1: Adjusted for age at recruitment (10 groups), sex, total energy intake (continuous variable)
  2. Model 2: Additionally adjusted for BMI (continuous variable), tobacco consumption (never, former, current smoker < 15 cigarettes per day, and current smoker > 15 cigarettes per day), alcohol consumption (continuous variable), total physical activity per week (continuous variable), sedentariness (continuous variable), Mediterranean diet score (continuous variable), total years of college (continuous variable), health professionals (yes, no), marital status (single, married, and others), employment status (employed, unemployed/ retired, homemaker and student), prevalence of diabetes (yes, no), prevalence of hypertension (yes, no), prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (yes, no), prevalence of cancer (yes, no)
  3. Model 3: Additionally adjusted for fast food consumption (continuous variable), trans fatty acids intake (continuous variable), nutritional supplements intake (yes, no), snack consumption between main meals (yes, no), and follows a special diet (yes, no)
  4. Model 4: Additionally adjusted for the other two personality traits according to assessed trait; competitiveness, (low, moderate, high), tension (low, moderate, high), o dependency (low, moderate, high)