Prevalence of acute stress disorder among road traffic accident survivors: a meta-analysis

BMC Psychiatry

Table 1 Characteristics of the eligible studies

First author	Year of publication	Country of study	Recruitment site	Proportion of hospitalized participants, %	Proportion of male participants, %	Mean age (SD), years	Instrument used to identify ASD		Trauma- assessment interval	Number of survivors with ASD	Sample size
							Self-report questionnaire	Structured interview
Bryant [46]	1998	Australia	Hospital-based	100.0	69.6	29.45 (12.62)	–	ASDI	2–28 days	11	79
Bryant [8]	2003	Australia	Hospital-based	100.0	63.7	Male: 29.95 (11.49) Female: 33.36 (13.28)	–	ASDI	Within 1 month	23	171
Fuglsang [52]	2004	Denmark	Hospital-based	6.7	45.6	33.99 (11.3)	ASDS	–	7–31 days	25	90
Jones [47]	2005	UK	Hospital-based	100.0	39.7	36.75 (12.77)	–	ASDI	Within 14 days	27	131
Hamanaka [53]	2006	Japan	Hospital-based	100.0	77.0	32.8 (14.5)	–	ASDI	Within 1 month	9	100
Yasan [14]	2009	Turkey	Hospital-based	100.0	70.5	33.93 (19.78)	–	SCID	4 days	39	95
van den Heuvel [54]	2016	South Africa	Hospital-based	NR	56.9	32.3 (10.6)	ASDS	–	10 days	47	115
Winston [55]	2002	USA	Hospital-based	100.0	72.0	10.4 (3.3)	CASQ	–	3–30 days	27	95
Bryant [56]	2004	UK	Hospital-based	21.0	55.0	12.27 (2.86)	Questions based on DSM-IV	–	2 weeks	13	86
Winston [13]	2005	USA	Population-based	NR	45.8	6.9	Questions based on DSM-IV	–	Within 30 days	24	1483
Salmon [15]	2007	Australia	Hospital-based	100.0	65.8	9.92 (2.55)	CASQ	–	6–28 days	6	76
Meiser-Stedman [16]	2007	UK	Hospital-based	100.0	68.1	11.88 (2.6)	Questionnaire based on DSM-IV	Interview based on DSM-IV	2–4 weeks	33	367
Haag [17]	2015	Switzerland	Hospital-based	61.4	58.4	11.55 (2.70)	–	IBS-A-KJ	10 days	3	101

SD standard deviation, ASDI Acute Stress Disorder Interview, ASDS Acute Stress Disorder Scale, SCID Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders, CASQ Child Acute Stress Questionnaire, IBS-A-KJ Interview zur Akuten Belastungsstorung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen, NR not reported

ISSN: 1471-244X