Socio-demographic and mental health measures | ICD-10 | ICD-11 | DSM-IV | PTSD (2.2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Model 1 | ||||
 Sex: Female (ref.: male.) | 1.55(1.31–1.84)** | 1.86(1.55–2.22)** | 1.80(1.51–2.15)** | 2.36(1.85–3.01)** |
 Location: Rural (ref: urban.) | 0.95(0.79–1.14) | 1.01(0.83–1.27) | 0.86(0.71–1.04) | 1.26(0.96–1.65) |
 Age group (years): <24 (ref.) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
  25–34 | 1.34(1.04–1.72)* | 1.30(0.98–1.71) | 1.20(0.92–1.56) | 0.95(0.66–1.38) |
  35–44 | 1.02(0.76–1.37) | 0.89(0.65–1.23) | 0.89(0.66–1.21) | 0.90(0.59–1.37) |
  45–54 | 0.85(0.60–1.21) | 0.73(0.50–1.06) | 0.69(0.48–0.99) | 0.82(0.50–1.32) |
   ≥ 55 | 0.75(0.53–1.05) | 0.69(0.48–0.99)* | 0.58(0.40–0.83)** | 0.53(0.32–0.87)** |
 Married (ref: single) | 0.97(0.80–1.18) | 0.89(0.72–1.09) | 0.99(0.82–1.22) | 0.73(0.56–0.96)* |
 Educational attainment: No education (ref.) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
  Completed primary | 1.12(0.86–1.46) | 1.05(0.79–1.40) | 1.02(0.78–1.34) | 0.96(0.66–1.38) |
  Completed junior high school | 1.17(0.87–1.56) | 0.98(0.72–1.34) | 1.16(0.86–1.56) | 1.07(0.72–1.60) |
  Completed senior high school | 0.87(0.69–1.11) | 0.94(0.73–1.22) | 0.96(0.75–1.23) | 1.12(0.80–1.55) |
  Completed tertiary | 0.73(0.54–1.01) | 0.79(0.56–1.12) | 0.67(0.47–0.93)* | 0.76(0.47–1.42) |
 Employment: Employed (ref.) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
  Engaged in subsistence farming | 0.91(0.76–1.09) | 0.78(0.64–0.95)* | 0.77(0.63–0.93)** | 0.66(0.51–0.85)** |
  Unemployed | 1.00(0.60–1.67) | 0.85(0.50–1.43) | 1.09(0.64–1.82) | 0.61(0.31–1.18) |
Model 2 | ||||
 Adversity count (continuous) | 1.06(1.03–1.08)** | 1.09(1.06–1.12)** | 1.07(1.04–1.10)** | 1.12(1.08–1.15)** |
 Trauma count (continuous) | 1.15(1.12–1.18)** | 1.17(1.14–1.21)** | 1.18(1.14–1.21)** | 1.22(1.17–1.27)** |
Model 3 | ||||
 Psychological distress: K10 ≥ 30 (ref: K10 < 30) | 2.83(2.29–3.52)** | 3.07(2.49–3.78)** | 3.14(2.55–3.88)** | 2.91(2.30–3.68)** |
 Functional impairment | ||||
  No domain of impairment | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
  1–2 domains of impairment | 1.22(0.77–1.95) | 1.09(0.58–2.04) | 1.22(0.75–2.01) | 1.07(0.21–5.41) |
  3 domains of impairment | 1.93(1.24–3.00)** | 2.01(1.15–3.52)* | 1.27(0.79–2.04) | 4.70(1.33–16.61)* |
  4 domains of impairment | 2.10(1.50–2.94)** | 3.55(2.27–5.57)** | 1.93(1.35–2.77)** | 10.97(3.48–34.57)* |