| Males |  | Females |  | Total |  |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) |
Any substance* abuse/dependence | 20.9 | (16.5-26.1) | 7.4 | (4.9-10.9) | 14.2 | (11.6-17.4) |
Alcohol abuse/dependence | 19.8 | (15.6-24.8) | 6.3 | (4.1-9.6) | 13.1 | (10.5-16.2) |
   Abuse | 11.6 | (8.4-15.6) | 3.4 | (1.8-6.2) | 7.6 | (5.7-10.0) |
   Dependence | 8.2 | (5.7-11.7) | 2.9 | (1.6-5.3) | 5.6 | (4.0-7.7) |
Cannabis abuse/dependence | 2.7 | (1.4-5.3) | 0.7 | (0.2-2.4) | 1.7 | (1.0-3.1) |
   Abuse | 1.4 | (0.6-3.5) | 0.6 | (0.1-2.3) | 1.0 | (0.5-2.1) |
   Dependence | 1.3 | (0.5-3.4) | 0.2 | (0.0-1.2) | 0.7 | (0.3-1.8) |
Amphetamine abuse/dependence | 1.9 | (0.9-4.0) | 1.0 | (0.3-3.1) | 1.5 | (0.8-2.7) |
   Abuse | 0.2 | (0.0-1.5) | 0 |  | 0.1 | (0.0-0.8) |
   Dependence | 1.7 | (0.7-3.8) | 1.0 | (0.3-3.1) | 1.3 | (0.7-2.6) |
Opioid abuse/dependence | 1.3 | (0.5-3.4) | 0.7 | (0.2-2.7) | 1.0 | (0.4-2.2) |
   Abuse | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  |
   Dependence | 1.3 | (0.5-3.4) | 0.7 | (0.2-2.7) | 1.0 | (0.4-2.2) |
Sedative abuse/dependence | 1.6 | (0.7-3.9) | 0 | Â | 0.8 | (0.3-2.0) |
   Abuse | 0.7 | (0.2-2.6) | 0 |  | 0.3 | (0.1-1.4) |
   Dependence | 0.9 | (0.3-2.9) | 0 |  | 0.5 | (0.2-1.5) |
Other substance abuse/dependence | 1.6 | (0.7-3.6) | 0 | Â | 0.8 | (0.4-1.8) |
Polysubstance dependence | 1.1 | (0.4-3.1) | 0.9 | (0.3-2.8) | 1.0 | (0.5-2.2) |
Drug abuse/dependence | 6.8 | (4.4-10.2) | 2.0 | (0.9-4.2) | 4.4 | (3.1-6.3) |