Table 2 Comparison of patients not showing deliberate self-harm (DSH) with patients exhibiting one or two DSH episodes and those displaying repeated DSH after discharge

Males/females (%)

59/60 (50/50%)

36/24 (60/40%)

6/12 (33/67%)^b*

Mean age, years [95% CI]

43 [40-46]

42 [38-45]

38 [31-45]

Mean hospital stay, days [95% CI]

22 [ 8-27]

20 [16-24]

12 [6-18]^a*

Involuntary admissions

25 (21%)

12 (20%)

5 (28%)

Mandatory aftercare

10 (8.4%)

6 (10%)

1 (5.6%)

Inpatient DSH

4 (3%)

3 (5%)

7 (39%)^a***b***

Hopelessness at discharge

11 (10%)

7 (13%)

6 (38%)^{a** b*}

Lack of insight“

41 (35%)

30 (52%)^a*

15 (83%)^{a*** b*}

Unrealistic plans“

43 (37%)

35 (69%)^a**

13 (72%)^a**

Stress exposure“

61 (53%)

37 (64%)

11 (61%)

Positive MINI items [95%CI]“

1.9 [1.5-2.3]

3.0 [2.3-3.6]^a**

4.1 [3.3-4.9]^a***b*

Positive SRS ratings“

33 (30%)

26 (50%)^a*

15 (83%)^{a*** b*}

Violent offenders after discharge

21 (18%)

15 (25%)

8 (44%)^a*

Victims of violence“

19 (17%)

14 (24%)

10 (56%)^{a*** b*}

Main diagnoses

Substance misuse (F10-19)

19 (16%)

8 (13%)

3 (17%)

Psychoses (F20-29)

18 (15%)

9 (15%)

2 (11%)

Manic/bipolar disorders (F30-31)

19 (16%)

8 (14%)

2 (11%)

Depressive disorders (F32, F34.1)

37 (26%)

26 (15%)

0 ^{a** b* f}

Anxiety disorders (F40-49)

24 (20%)

11 (18%)

3 (17%)

Personality disorders (F60-62)

3 (3%)

3 (5%)

7 (39%)^{a*** b*** c}

Blood measures

Total cholesterolmmol/l [95%CI]

4.9 [4.7-5.1]

5.3 [4.9-5.6]

5.3 [4.8-5.9]

LDL“

3.2 [3.0-3.3]

3.6 [3.3-3.9]

3.6 [3.0-4.1]

HDL“

1.3 [1.2-1.4]

1.3 [1.1-1.5]

1.2 [1.0-1.4]

Triglycerides“

1.2 [1.1-1.3]

1.4 [1.2-1.6]

2.1 [1.5-2.6]^a***b*

Platelet serotonin^d

3.3 [2.6-3.8]

3.7 [2.4-5.1]

3.0 [1.9-4.1]

Platelet serotonin^e

0.88 [0.53-1.2]

0.72 [0.38-1.1]

0.79 [0.27-1.6]