Disaster exposure as a risk factor for mental health problems, eighteen months, four and ten years post-disaster – a longitudinal study

Table 6 Associations between degree of disaster exposure (sum-score) and symptoms of ptsd at waves 2, 3 and wave 4 for native dutch survivors only ^a

	Symptoms of PTSD at wave 2			Symptoms of PTSD at wave 3			Symptoms of PTSD at wave 4
	Model 2:			Model 3:			Model 2:			Model 3:			Model 4:
	Disaster-related factors and symptoms distress and PTSD at wave			Disaster-related factors and symptoms of distress and PTSD at wave 1 and 2			Disaster-related factors and symptoms distress and PTSD at wave 1			Disaster-related factors and symptoms of distress and PTSD at wave 1 and 2			Disaster-related factors and symptoms of distress and PTSD at wave 1, 2 and 3
	B	SE	P	B	SE	P	B	SE	P	B	SE	P	B	SE	P
Intercept	−21.69	5.16	< .01	−21.93	4.33	< .01	−23.60	4.91	< .01	−15.85	5.0	< .05	−8.52	5.16	n.s.
Degree of disaster exposure	0.74	0.26	< .05	0.71	0.23	< .05	0.80	0.24	< .01	0.47	0.23	n.s.	0.19	0.23	n.s.
Symptoms of distress, wave 1	0.1	0.01	< .01	0.02	0.01	n.s.	0.07	0.02	< .01	0.02	0.02	n.s.	0.008	0.02	n.s.
Symptoms of PTSD, wave 1	0.30	0.04	< .01	0.09	0.04	n.s.	0.16	0.05	< .05	0.03	0.05	n.s.	−0.002	0.04	n.s.
Symptoms of distress, wave 2				0.005	0.01	n.s.				0.03	0.02	n.s.	0.02	0.02	n.s.
Symptoms of PTSD, wave 2				0.54	0.04	<.01				0.43	0.05	< .01	0.21	0.06	< .01
Symptoms of distress, wave 3													0.02	0.01	n.s.
Symptoms of PTSD, wave 3													0.39	0.07	< .01

^a Multiple regression analysis, adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, employment status, educational level, smoking/non-smoking and number of chronic diseases. n.s. = not significant.
Model 2, wave 2: Pooled R-Squared = 0.365, Pooled R-Squared C.I. = [0.317, 0.412].
Model 3, wave 3: Pooled R-Squared = 0.544, Pooled R-Squared C.I. = [0.498, 0.587].
Model 2, wave 4: Pooled R-Squared = 0.21, Pooled R-Squared C.I. = [0.158, 0.266].
Model 3, wave 4: Pooled R-Squared = 0.378, Pooled R-Squared C.I. = [0.318, 0.437].
Model 4, wave 4: Pooled R-Squared = 0.464, Pooled R-Squared C.I. = [0.396, 0.53].

ISSN: 1471-244X