Involvement in the US criminal justice system and cost implications for persons treated for schizophrenia

BMC Psychiatry

Table 2 Types of encounters with criminal justice system, their prevalence rates, and estimated costs

Category	Persons with the criminal justice system encounter (n = 278)	% of total sample	Mean ± SD cost per encounter, $^a
Crime Against the Subject
Victim of crime	187	67%	60 ± 79
Encounters resulting in arrest
On parole or probation for 1 year	73	26%	3237 ± NA
Assault	35	13%	1572 ± 1358
Parole or probation violation	27	10%	2751 ± 4820
Drug charges	11	4%	2077 ± 3817
Burglary, larceny, breaking and entering	11	4%	2783 ± 4914
Shoplifting, vandalism	8	3%	2783 ± 4914
Weapons offense	7	3%	1599 ± NA
Robbery	5	2%	2783 ± 4914
Arson	6	2%	2751 ± 4820
Rape	4	1%	19278 ± 22463
Prostitution	2	1%	2332 ± 2518
Homicide or manslaughter	4	1%	19278 ± 22463
Forgery	2	1%	447 ± 237
Encounter not resulting in or from arrest
Other miscellaneous encounter	36	13%	38 ± 87
Major driving violation	30	11%	1016 ± 179
Disorderly conduct	25	9%	1246 ± 896
Driving while intoxicated	6	2%	1016 ± 179
Contempt of court	6	2%	38 ± 87

^aEstimated using previously reported costs per type of encounter with the legal system [20] and adjusted to 2001 US dollars.
Abbreviation: NA, not available; SD, standard deviation.
^aCost per encounter was adopted from Clark and colleagues [20] and adjusted to 2001 dollars. Cost of parole or probations for 1 year was adopted from the US Office of Probation and Pretrial Services and adjusted to 2001 dollars.

ISSN: 1471-244X