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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of Persian study participants, who live in Iran (mean ± SD)

From: Validity and reliability of a Persian version of the self- evaluation of negative symptoms (SNS)

  

Patients

n = 50

Controls

n = 50

p value

Age (years)

 

39.5 ± 11.1

38.2 ± 11.2

0.90

Education (years)

 

9.8 ± 2.4

11.6 ± 2.2

0.07

Sex- N (% males)a

 

34 (68.0%)

33 (66.0%)

0.83

SNS

Social withdrawal

5.9 ± 2.7

0.86 ± 1.3

< 0.0001

 

Decreased emotional range

5.7 ± 2.5

0.69 ± 1.1

< 0.0001

 

Alogia

5.8 ± 2.5

0.53 ± 0.9

< 0.0001

 

Avolition

6.1 ± 2.2

0.94 ± 1.2

< 0.0001

 

Anhedonia

5.1 ± 2.5

0.41 ± 0.6

< 0.0001

 

Total score

28.4 ± 11.0

3.4 ± 3.5

< 0.0001

SANS

Total score

71.1 ± 20.1

9.6 ± 8.9

< 0.0001

BPRS

Negative symptoms

8.1 ± 2.4

2.4 ± 0.8

< 0.0001

 

Total score

40.1 ± 5.7

18.6 ± 3.0

< 0.0001

CDSS

Total score

6.2 ± 3.5

–

–

 

CDSS score > 8 (%)

20

–

–

Length of illness (years)

 

9.4 ± 6.6

–

–

Age at onset (years)

 

19.3 ± 5.7

–

–

Mean chlorpromazine equivalent (mg)

 

468.7 ± 241.6

  
  1. SNS Self-evaluation of Negative symptoms, SANS Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, BPRS Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, CDSS Calgary Depression Syndrome Scale, a: χ2-test