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Table 3 The mean score and standard deviation of each item of the Japanese version of the Euthymia scale stratified the categories by the history of MDE and current MDE (N = 1030)

From: Sensitivity and concurrent validity of the Japanese version of the Euthymia scale: a clinimetric analysis

 

Mean (SD)

Test for difference

Group

0

1

2

3

4

Item description

Total

Past (−)†

Current (−)‡

Past (+)†

Current (−)‡

Past (−)†

Current (±) ‡

Past (+)†

Current (±) ‡

Past (+)†

Current (+)‡

 

N = 1030

N = 500

N = 311

N = 15

N = 29

N = 175

p-value§

F value

1. If I become sad, anxious or angry it is for a short time

0.63 (0.5)

0.79 (0.4)

0.52 (0.5)

0.67 (0.5)

0.48 (0.5)

0.39 (0.5)

< 0.001

33.56

2. I do not keep thinking about negative experiences

0.51 (0.5)

0.68 (0.5)

0.39 (0.5)

0.53 (0.5)

0.34 (0.5)

0.26 (0.4)

< 0.001

34.30

3. I am able to adapt to changing situations

0.63 (0.5)

0.78 (0.4)

0.55 (0.5)

0.80 (0.4)

0.48 (0.5)

0.34 (0.5)

< 0.001

34.50

4. I try to be consistent in my attitudes and behaviors

0.77 (0.4)

0.78 (0.4)

0.78 (0.4)

0.73 (0.5)

0.79 (0.4)

0.73 (0.4)

0.722

0.52

5. Most of the time I can handle stress

0.55 (0.5)

0.73 (0.4)

0.46 (0.5)

0.53 (0.5)

0.52 (0.5)

0.19 (0.4)

< 0.001

51.28

6. I generally feel cheerful and in good spirits

0.64 (0.5)

0.81 (0.4)

0.58 (0.5)

0.73 (0.5)

0.52 (0.5)

0.28 (0.5)

< 0.001

49.53

7. I generally feel calm and relaxed

0.71 (0.5)

0.85 (0.4)

0.66 (0.5)

0.87 (0.4)

0.55 (0.5)

0.39 (0.5)

< 0.001

42.50

8. I generally feel active and vigorous

0.51 (0.5)

0.65 (0.5)

0.47 (0.5)

0.47 (0.5)

0.41 (0.5)

0.17 (0.4)

< 0.001

35.47

9. My daily life is filled with things that interest me

0.54 (0.5)

0.64 (0.5)

0.51 (0.5)

0.53 (0.5)

0.34 (0.5)

0.32 (0.5)

< 0.001

15.80

10. I wake up feeling fresh and rested

0.48 (0.5)

0.66 (0.5)

0.39 (0.5)

0.47 (0.5)

0.28 (0.5)

0.18 (0.4)

< 0.001

42.97

Total scores

5.96 (3.04)

7.38 (2.53)

5.29 (2.79)

6.33 (2.64)

4.72 (2.85)

3.26 (2.53)

< 0.001 ※

89.90

  1. § p-value for ANOVA
  2. ※ < 0.001** Group0 x Group1 < 0.001** Group0 x Group3 < 0.001** Group0 x Group4 < 0.001** Group1 x Group4 < 0.001** Group2 x Group4
  3. Marginally p = 0.054 Group3 x Group4
  4. †Past (+): total scores5, Past (−): 0total scores4, measured by The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) questionnaire for lifetime episode
  5. ‡Current(+): total scores5, Current (±): 1total score4, Current (−): score = 0 by The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) questionnaire for current 2 weeks episode
  6. ES euthymia scale. SD standard deviation