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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of poor well-being status associated with BPRS score

From: Associations between symptom severity and well-being among Thai patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional analytical study

Variables

Crude

P-value

Adjusted

P-value

Odds Ratio (95%CI)

Wald test

Odds Ratio (95%CI)

Wald test

BPRS

1.09 (1.04–1.15)

< 0.001

1.08 (1.02–1.14)

0.006

Sex (ref: male)

0.96 (0.5–1.85)

0.896

1.10 (0.49, 2.46)

0.825

Age (ref: age ≤ 35)

 

0.199

 

0.296†

  > 35–45

2.26 (0.98–5.22)

0.056

2.73 (0.91, 8.19)

0.073

  > 45–55

1.05 (0.39–2.82)

0.919

1.35 (0.40, 4.51)

0.631

  > 55

1.20 (0.43–3.37)

0.729

1.56 (0.37, 6.52)

0.542

Education (ref: primary school)

 

0.396

 

0.523†

 High/vocational school

0.52 (0.18–1.47)

0.219

0.50 (0.15, 1.67)

0.259

 Higher degree

0.48 (0.16–1.43)

0.19

0.57 (0.15, 2.20)

0.415

Unemployment (ref. employment)

2.17 (1.11–4.26)

0.024

4.01 (1.38, 11.7)

0.011

Monthly income (USD) § (ref: no salary)

 

0.438

 

0.250†

  ≤ 157

1.18 (0.47–2.94)

0.723

2.86 (0.87, 9.44)

0.085

  > 157–313

1.07 (0.41–2.82)

0.889

3.13 (0.81, 12.07)

0.098

  > 313

0.57 (0.21–1.54)

0.27

1.80 (0.43, 7.50)

0.417

Duration of illness (ref: <  10 years)

 

0.622

 

0.827†

 11–20

1.39 (0.64–3.00)

0.404

1.18 (0.47, 3.00)

0.726

  > 20

0.97 (0.42–2.25)

0.946

0.86 (0.26, 2.88)

0.813

History of hospitalization (ref: never)

 

0.528

 

0.142†

 At least one time

1.07 (0.49–2.31)

0.87

1.40 (0.55, 3.59)

0.483

 More than one time

0.67 (0.29–1.53)

0.339

0.44 (0.15, 1.27)

0.13

CPZ equivalent daily dose (ref: ≤ 100 mg)

 

0.58

 

0.801†

  > 100–250

1.47 (0.52–4.13)

0.464

1.25 (0.37, 4.22)

0.719

  > 250–500

2.00 (0.74–5.43)

0.173

1.75 (0.53, 5.79)

0.36

  > 500

1.55 (0.5–4.80)

0.45

1.23 (0.33, 4.62)

0.755

Adverse drug effects (ref: none)

0.90 (0.45–1.81)

0.774

0.94 (0.40, 2.20)

0.889

  1. BPRS Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, CPZ Chlorpromazine
  2. P-value Likelihood-ratio test
  3. § 1USD = 31.90Baht (Source: Bank of Thailand (Foreign Exchange Rates as of 28 June 2021)). Retrieved from URL: https://www.bot.or.th/english/statistics/financialmarkets/exchangerate/_layouts/application/exchangerate/exchangerate.aspx)