Self-reported psychological problems and coping strategies: a web-based study in Peruvian population during COVID-19 pandemic

Ames-Guerrero, Rita J.; Barreda-Parra, Victoria A.; Huamani-Cahua, Julio C.; Banaszak-Holl, Jane

doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03326-8

Table 3 Association between sociodemographic variables and subscales of active coping strategies in covid-19

From: Self-reported psychological problems and coping strategies: a web-based study in Peruvian population during COVID-19 pandemic

Variables	N(%)	Active			Planning			Positive reframing			Acceptance
Variables	N(%)		Adjusted R-Squared	p (95% Confidence Interval)	R2	(AR2)	p(95% CI)	R2	(AR2)	p(95% CI)	R2	(AR2)	p(95% CI)
		R2	(AR2)	p(95% CI)
Gender
Woman	266 (61.3)	0.006	0.004	Reference	0.000	−0.002	Reference	0.011	0.001	Reference	0.008	0.006	Reference
Men	168 (38.7)	0.006	0.004	0.11(− 0.51 to 0.05) β = − 0.23	0.000	−0.002	0.73 (− 0.25 to 0.35) β = 0.05	0.011	0.001	*0.03(− 0.63 to − 0.04) β = − 0.33**	0.008	0.006	0.06 (− 0.53 to 0.01)
Age (years)
18–28	181 (41.7)			Reference			Reference			Reference			Reference
29–38	124 (28.6)	0.009	−0.000	0.70 (− 0.40 to 0.27) β = − 0.06	0.026	0.017	0.51 (− 0.23 to 0.47) β = 0.12	0.063	0.054	0.23 (− 0.55 to 0.13) β = − 0.21			0.06 (− 0.62 to 0.01) β = − 0.30
39–48	51 (11.8)			0.97 (− 0.44 to 0.46) β = 0.01			0.19 (− 0.79 to 0.16) β = − 0.32			*0.01(− 1.05 to − 0.12) β = − 0.58**	0.043	0.034	*0.002(− 1.09 to − 0.23) β = − 0.66**
49–58	54 (12.4)			0.09 (−0.82 to 0.07) β = − 0.37			0.10 (− 0.85 to 0.08) β = − 0.39			*0.001(− 1.44 to − 0.53) β = − 0.99**			*0.01(− 0.99 to − 0.16) β = − 0.57**
59–68	24 (5.5)			0.26 (− 0.97 to 0.26) β = − 0.36			*0.02(− 1.46 to − 0.16) β = − 0.81**			*0.001(− 1.78 to − 0.51) β = − 1.14**			*0.002(− 1.50 to − 0.34) β = − 0.96**
Education level
High school	64 (14.75)			Reference			Reference			Reference			Reference
College	174 (40.09)	0.008	0.002	0.06 (− 0.01 to 0.82) β = 0.41	0.020	0.013	0.15 (− 0.76 to 0.12) β = − 0.32	0.027	0.020	*0.01(0.18 to 1.05) β = 0.62**	0.013	0.006	0.80 (− 0.35 to 0.45) β = 0.05
Bachelor	116 (26.73)			0.27 (− 0.19 to 0.69) β = 0.25			*0.01(− 1.13 to − 0.18) β = − 0.65**			0.63 (− 0.35 to 0.58) β = 0.11			0.48 (− 0.58 to 0.27) β = − 0.15
Postgrade	80 (18.43)			0.19 (− 0.16 to 0.79) β = 0.32			*0.04(− 1.04 to − 0.03) β = − 0.53**			0.11 (− 0.09 to 0.91) β = 0.41			0.12 (− 0.82 to 0.09) β = − 0.37
Nationality
Peruvian	409 (94.2)	0.003		Reference	0.005	0.003	Reference	0.000	−0.002	Reference	0.002	−0.000	Reference
Foreign	25 (5.8)	0.003	0.001	0.24 (−0.94 to 0.23) β = − 0.35	0.005	0.003	0.15 (−1.08 to 0.16) β = − 0.46	0.000	−0.002	0.74 (− 0.72 to 0.52) β = − 0.11	0.002	−0.000	0.34 (− 0.84 to 0.29) β = − 0.27
Work
No	185 (42.6)	0.002	−0.000	Reference	0.001	−0.001	Reference	0.001	−0.001	Reference	0.003	0.000	Reference
Yes	249 (57.4)	0.002	−0.000	0.34 (−0.41 to 0.14) β = − 0.13	0.001	−0.001	0.55 (− 0.38 to 0.20) β = − 0.09	0.001	−0.001	0.51 (− 0.38 to 0.19) β = − 0.09	0.003	0.000	0.29 (− 0.41 to 0.12) β = − 0.14
Marital status
Co-habitant	19 (4.38)			Reference			Reference			Reference			Reference
Single	309 (71.20)	0.011	0.003	0.31 (−1.02 to 0.32) β = −0.35	0.012	0.005	0.16 (−1.23 to 0.19) β = − 0.52	0.016	0.009	0.09 (− 1.31 to 0.11) β = − 0.60	0.014	0.007	0.47 (− 0.88 to 0.40) β = − 0.24
Married	98 (22.58)			0.16 (− 1.23 to 0.19) β = − 0.52			*0.04(− 1.55 to − 0.04) β = − 0.79**			*0.02 (− 1.63 to − 0.12) β = − 0.87**			0.09 (− 1.25 to 0.11) β = − 0.58
Widower	8 (1.84)			0.06 (−2.35 to 0.04) β = − 1.16			0.21 (−2.09 to 0.46) β = − 0.82			0.07 (− 2.40 to 0.13) β = − 1.14			0.80 (− 0.99 to 1.30) β = 0.15
Fear of coronavirus disease (family)
No	124 (28.57)	0.003	−0.002	Reference	0.000	−0.002	Reference	0.000	−0.002	Reference	0.000	−0.002	Reference
Yes	310 (71.43)	0.003	−0.002	0.73 (−0.25 to 0.36) β = 0.05	0.000	−0.002	0.76 (−0.27 to 0.37) β = 0.05	0.000	−0.002	0.99 (−0.32 to 0.32) β = − 0.001	0.000	−0.002	0.76 (− 0.25 to 0.34) β = 0.05
Product Concern
Little or nothing	211 (48.62)			Reference			Reference			Reference			Reference
Moderate	207 (47.70)	0.007	0.002	0.15 (−0.48 to 0.07) β = − 0.21	0.006	0.001	0.30 (− 0.45 to 0.14) β = − 0.16	0.020	0.016	*0.01(− 0.70 to − 0.12) β = − 0.41**	0.012	0.007	0.05 (− 0.53 to 0.001) β = − 0.27
Severe	16 (3.69)	0.007	0.002	0.23 (−1.19 to 0.29) β = − 0.45	0.006	0.001	0.18 (− 1.32 to 0.25) β = − 0.54	0.020	0.016	0.09 (− 1.43 to 0.12) β = − 0.61	0.012	0.007	0.45 (− 0.44 to 0.97) β = 0.27
Causes of concern
Children and family care	44 (10.14)			Reference			Reference			Reference			Reference
Domestic work	18 (4.15)	0.017	0.006	0.51 (−0.53 to 1.06) β = 0.27	0.017	0.006	0.81 (−0.95 to 0.74) β = − 0.10	0.011	− 0.001	0.68 (− 0.67 to 1.01) β = 0.17	0.194	0.008	0.08 (− 0.08 to 1.43) β = 0.68
Social isolation	169 (38.94)			1.09 (−0.80 to 0.16) β = − 0.32			0.43 (− 0.31 to 0.72) β = 0.20			0.60 (− 0.64 to 0.37) β = − 0.13			0.30 (− 0.22 to 0.69) β = 0.24
Not being able to work	121 (27.88)			0.11 (− 0.91 to 0.09) β = − 0.41			0.81 (− 0.59 to 0.47) β = − 0.06			0.30 (− 0.80 to 0.25) β = − 0.28			0.69 (− 0.38 to 0.57) β = 0.09
Working without family	16 (3.69)			0.05 (−1.65 to 0.01) β = − 0.82			0.24 (− 1.42 to 0.35) β = − 0.53			0.11 (− 1.58 to 0.16) β = − 0.71			0.17 (− 1.34 to 0.24) β = − 0.54
Teleworking	66 (15.21)			0.37 (− 0.80 to 0.30) β = − 0.25			0.22 (− 0.22 to 0.96) β = 0.37			0.91 (− 0.61 to 0.55) β = − 0.03			0.91 (− 0.49 to 0.56) β = 0.03

* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001

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