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Table 2 Sample characteristics (N = 1040)

From: The link between problematic internet use, problematic gaming, and psychological distress: does sleep quality matter?

Variable

N/Mean

%(N)/SD

Gender

 Male

416

40.0%

 Female

624

60.0%

Class standing

 1st year

264

25.4%

 2nd year

491

47.2%

 3rd year and above

285

27.4%

Annual family income

  < 50,000 yuan

241

23.2%

 50,000 to < 100,000 yuan

309

29.7%

 100,000 to < 200,000 yuan

302

29.0%

  > 200,000 yuan

188

18.1%

Academic achievement

 Top 20%

323

31.1%

 Average

564

54.2%

 Bottom 20%

153

14.7%

Father’s education

 Junior high school or below

381

36.6%

 Senior high school

258

24.8%

 College and above

401

38.6%

Mother’s education

 Junior high school or below

436

41.9%

 Senior high school

250

24.0%

 College and above

354

34.0%

Physical activity

2.36

0.06

 0 days/week

210

20.2%

 1 days/week

189

18.2%

 2 days/week

212

20.4%

 3 days/week

200

19.2%

 4–7 days/week

229

22.0%

Substance use

 None

736

70.8%

 1 type

137

13.2%

 2 or more types

167

16.1%

Problematic internet use

54.09

0.51

 (Skewness, kurtosis)

(0.39)

(0.05)

Problematic gaming

16.41

0.22

 (Skewness, kurtosis)

(0.87)

(−0.38)

Sleep quality

5.45

0.09

 (Skewness, kurtosis)

(0.52)

(0.11)

Psychological distress

54.65

2.05

 (Skewness, kurtosis)

(1.69)

(2.91)

Subscales

 Somatization

6.07

0.27

 Obsessive compulsiveness

8.09

0.25

 Interpersonal sensitivity

6.38

0.23

 Depression

8.81

0.33

 Anxiety

5.58

0.24

 Hostility

3.40

0.14

 Phobic anxiety

3.35

0.16

 Paranoid ideation

3.31

0.14

 Psychoticism

5.62

0.24