Table 4 Differences in costs and effects in the complete sample and per subgroup (€ 2012)
Total sample (n = 737) | Subgroup: Mild depression (n = 93) (PHQ-9: 5–9) | Subgroup: Moderate depression (n = 232) (PHQ-9: 10–14) | Subgroup: Moderately severe depression (n = 271) (PHQ-9: 15–19) | Subgroup: Severe depression (n = 141) (PHQ-9: 20–27) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (€) | 95%-CI | Mean (€) | 95%-CI | Mean (€) | SE (€)# | Mean (€) | SE (€)# | Mean (€) | SE (€)# | |
Total costs | 5016 | (−259; 10,290) | 9731 | (− 3017; 22,478) | −628 | (−7442; 6186) | 6047 | (− 3084; 15,178) | 14,579* | (2785; 26,373) |
Healthcare costs | 2712 | (− 641; 6065) | 5966 | (− 2568; 14,500) | −23 | (− 4671; 4625) | 3321 | (− 1666; 8308) | 4324 | (− 2982; 11,630) |
Inpatient services | 1769 | (− 1346; 4884) | 3468 | (− 3589; 10,526) | − 453 | (− 4889; 3982) | 2487 | (− 1737; 6712) | 2911 | (4202; 10,024) |
Psychiatric hospital | −202 | (− 1216; 811) | 1101 | (− 1649; 3851) | −660 | (− 2334; 1015) | 196 | (− 1054; 1445) | − 1695 | (− 5370; 1980) |
Outpatient physician services | 467* | (126; 808) | 723* | (134; 1311) | 347 | (− 120; 815) | 832* | (338; 1327) | 266 | (− 365; 896) |
Psychiatrist | 95* | (37; 153) | 84 | (−65; 234) | 79 | (−42; 201) | 77 | (−31; 185) | 123 | (−36; 281) |
Psychotherapist | 239 | (−37; 515) | 250 | (− 147; 648) | 244 | (− 207; 696) | 242 | (−190; 674) | 75 | (−533; 683) |
Outpatient non-physician services | 37 | (−59; 132) | 46 | (−192; 283) | −57 | (−216; 102) | 50 | (−97; 197) | 51 | (−178; 281) |
Drugs | −43 | (−43; 308) | 256 | (− 565; 1077) | 49 | (− 304; 402) | −199 | (− 894; 497) | −67 | (− 371; 237) |
Ambulatory care | −8 | (−47; 30) | 32 | (−55; 120) | 6 | (− 123; 136) | −24 | (− 87; 40) | 124 | (−279; 528) |
Intervention in step 2 | 218* | (169; 266) | 285* | (159; 411) | 195* | (131; 258) | 204* | (134; 275) | 203* | (117; 290) |
Costs of family support | ||||||||||
Informal care | 82 | (−567; 732) | 543 | (− 848; 1933) | −162 | (− 1135; 811) | −72 | (− 1092; 947) | 434 | (− 1583; 2450) |
Productivity losses | 2238 | (− 668; 5145) | 2754 | (− 3438; 8945) | − 279 | (− 4304; 3744) | 1855 | (− 4362; 8072) | 10,646* | (3627; 17,666) |
QALY (EQ-5D: UK-Tarif) | 0.008 | (−0.030; 0.046) | −0.010 | (− 0.122; 0.101) | 0.028 | (− 0.044; 0.100) | 0.013 | (−0.058; 0.083) | 0.007 | (− 0.097; 0.111) |