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Table 3 Endorsement of themes among the 9 FGD groups

From: Mental illness stigma’s reasons and determinants (MISReaD) among Singapore’s lay public – a qualitative inquiry

Themes

Endorsed By FGD Group(s)

Total Units

Fear towards PMI

1–9

9

Perception that PMI are burdensome

1,2,4,5,6,8

6

Dismissal of mental illness

1,2,3,7,8

5

Stigmatizing upbringing

1,2,3,6,7,8

6

In-group vs out-group

1,2,3,4,8,9

6

Perceived inability to handle interactions with PMI

1,2,3,4,5,6,7

7

Elitism mindset among Singaporeans

1,2,4,8

4

Chinese culture and “face”

1,3,4,5,8

5

Attributing MI to spiritual possession

1,2,5,6,7,9

6

Negative portrayal of MI by media

1,2,3,4,5,9

9

Asian conservative and collectivist values

1,2,4,6,7

5