Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics and status of depressive symptoms among participants
|  | Total (n = 794) | % | Depressive symptoms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No (n = 351) | % | Yes (n = 443) | % | p-value | |||
Age group (in years) | |||||||
 60–69 | 440 | (55.42) | 201 | (45.68) | 239 | (54.32) | 0.224 |
 70–79 | 235 | (29.60) | 106 | (45.11) | 129 | (54.89) |  |
  ≥ 80 | 119 | (14.99) | 44 | (36.97) | 75 | (63.03) |  |
Gender | |||||||
 Male | 400 | (50.38) | 201 | (50.25) | 199 | (49.75) | 0.001 |
 Female | 394 | (49.62) | 150 | (38.07) | 244 | (61.93) |  |
District | |||||||
Morang | 404 | (50.88) | 202 | (50.00) | 202 | (50.00) | 0.001 |
Sunsari | 390 | (49.12) | 149 | (38.21) | 241 | (61.79) | Â |
Religion | |||||||
 Hinduism | 625 | (78.72) | 281 | (44.96) | 344 | (55.04) | 0.356 |
 Buddhism | 19 | (2.39) | 7 | (36.84) | 12 | (63.16) |  |
 Islam | 125 | (15.74) | 49 | (39.20) | 76 | (60.80) |  |
 Christianity | 25 | (3.15) | 14 | (56.00) | 11 | (44.00) |  |
Ethnicity | |||||||
Brahmin/Chettri/ Thakur | 69 | (8.69) | 50 | (72.46) | 19 | (27.54) | Â |
 Indigenous | 298 | (37.53) | 138 | (46.31) | 160 | (53.69) | < 0.001 |
Dalit | 157 | (19.77) | 53 | (33.76) | 104 | (66.24) | Â |
Madhesi and other ethnic groups | 270 | (34.01) | 110 | (40.74) | 160 | (59.26) | Â |
Marital status | |||||||
 Married | 425 | (53.53) | 207 | (48.71) | 218 | (51.29) | 0.006 |
1Others | 369 | (46.47) | 144 | (39.02) | 225 | (60.98) | Â |
Literacy | |||||||
 Illiterate | 636 | (80.10) | 264 | (41.51) | 372 | (58.49) | 0.002 |
 literate | 158 | (19.90) | 87 | (55.06) | 71 | (44.94) |  |
Past occupation | |||||||
 Employed | 364 | (45.84) | 198 | (54.40) | 166 | (45.60) | < 0.001 |
 Unemployed | 430 | (54.16) | 153 | (35.58) | 277 | (64.42) |  |
Family monthly income | |||||||
 Nrs. <= 5000 | 381 | (47.98) | 168 | (44.09) | 213 | (55.91) | 0.039 |
 Nrs. 5000 < = 10,000 | 145 | (18.26) | 52 | (35.86) | 93 | (64.14) |  |
 Nrs. >  10,000 | 268 | (33.75) | 131 | (48.88) | 137 | (51.12) |  |