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Table 5 Potential risk factors of poor health-related quality of life at 4-month follow-upa

From: Loneliness as a predictor of outcomes in mental disorders among people who have experienced a mental health crisis: a 4-month prospective study

Variables

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Coefficientb

95% CI

p-Valuec

Coefficient

95% CI

p-Value

Coefficient

95% CI

p-Value

Coefficient

95% CI

p-Value

Psychosocial variables

Loneliness (ULS-8)

−1.69

− 2.16, − 1.23

< 0.001

−1.38

− 1.88, − 0.87

< 0.001

−1.27

− 1.79, − 0.75

< 0.001

− 0.76

−1.31, − 0.20

0.01

Social network size (2 items from LSNS-6)

   

1.04

−0.02, 2.10

0.06

1.27

0.16, 2.38

0.03

1.23

0.15, 2.30

0.03

Social capital (HLSSC)

   

0.80

−0.05, 1.65

0.07

0.63

−0.25, 1.52

0.16

0.39

−0.47, 1.25

0.37

Socio-demographic variables

Born in the UK

      

−3.28

−8.92, 2.37

0.25

−3.42

− 8.91, 2.07

0.22

Employment

 No

      

reference

     

 In voluntary, protected or sheltered work

      

1.97

−6.21, 10.15

0.64

−0.30

−8.30, 7.70

0.94

 In regular employment

      

2.49

−2.98, 7.96

0.37

2.09

−3.25, 7.43

0.44

Living with a partner or with family

      

−0.03

−4.93, 4.88

0.99

−0.31

−5.07, 4.45

0.90

Psychiatric variables

Number of years since first contact with mental health services

 Less than 3 months

      

reference

     

 3 months – 1 year

      

6.23

−3.03, 15.49

0.19

6.33

−2.64, 15.31

0.17

 1–2 years

      

−10.15

−20.62, 0.31

0.06

−10.21

−20.36, −0.06

0.049

 2–10 years

      

−8.79

−15.87, −1.70

0.02

−9.01

−15.90, −2.13

0.01

 More than 10 years

      

−6.68

−14.15, 0.78

0.08

−6.43

−13.66, 0.81

0.08

Diagnosis

 Psychosis

      

reference

     

 Bipolar affective disorder/Manic episode

      

−0.07

−7.35, 7.22

0.99

1.80

−5.33, 8.92

0.62

 Depressive/Anxiety disorders

      

−2.23

−8.60, 4.14

0.49

−0.58

−6.82, 5.67

0.86

 Personality disorders

      

0.65

−7.23, 8.54

0.87

3.02

−4.70, 10.74

0.44

 Other disorders

      

9.08

−0.11, 18.27

0.05

10.18

1.25, 19.11

0.03

Health-related quality of life at baseline (EQ VAS)

         

0.24

0.13, 0.35

< 0.001

R2adj

0.143

0.158

0.207

0.256

  1. CI Confidence Interval, ULS-8 UCLA Loneliness Scale-8, LSNS-6 Lubben Social Network Scale-6, HLSSC Health and Lifestyles Survey Social Capital Questionnaire, EQ VAS EuroQol Health Questionnaire visual analogue scale, R2adj adjusted-R2
  2. aUsing multivariable linear regression analyses with health-related quality of life score at 4-month follow-up as dependent variable and factors with p < 0.25 in both Additional file 1: Tables S2 and S3 as independent variables
  3. bNegative regression coefficient = poorer health-related quality of life
  4. cSignificant p-values printed in bold
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BMC Psychiatry

ISSN: 1471-244X

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