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Table 2 Results of the Varimax rotated matrix of the SNS items (Test)

From: Validation of the Arabic version of the “self-evaluation of negative symptoms” scale (SNS)

Factor

Item number

Diminished emotional range

Avolition

Alogia

Social withdrawal

Anhedonia

There are many happy or sad things in life but I don’t feel concerned by them

6

0.755

    

Watching a sad or happy film, reading or listening to a sad or happy story does not especially make me want to cry or laugh

7

0.715

    

It is difficult for people to know how I feel

8

0.659

    

People say I’m not sad or happy and that I’m not often angry

5

0.647

    

I don’t particularly try to contact and meet friends (letters, telephone, text messaging, etc.)

4

0.552

    

With friends and family, I want to talk about things but it doesn’t come out

12

0.514

    

It’s hard to stick to doing things on an everyday regular basis

14

 

0.855

   

There are many things I don’t do through lack of motivation or because I don’t feel like it

15

 

0.789

   

I know there are things I must do (get up or wash myself for example) but I have no energy

16

 

0.764

   

I find it difficult to meet the objectives I set myself

13

 

0.589

   

I find it 10 times harder to talk than most people do

10

  

0.818

  

People often say that I don’t talk much

11

  

0.796

  

I don’t have as much to talk about as most people

9

  

0.784

  

I prefer to be alone in my corner

1

   

0.871

 

I’m better off alone, because I feel uncomfortable when anyone is near me

2

   

0.847

 

I’m not interested in going out with friends or family

3

   

0.614

 

When I imagine doing one thing or another, I don’t feel any particular pleasure in the idea

19

    

0.876

I find it hard to take pleasure even when doing things I have chosen to do

18

    

0.873

I am not interested in having sex

20

    

0.450

I don’t take any great pleasure in talking to people

17

    

0.425

Percentage of variances explained

 

31.90

10.57

8.95

7.62

6.97