Factor | Controls | Manic state | Hypomanic state | Bipolar depressive | Major depressive | Cohen’s d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Psychomotor Acceleration | 5.69 ± 2.28 | 7.33 ± 1.26a | 7.30 ± .96a | 7.22 ± 1.28a | 3.59 ± 2.72abcd | .734 ~ 1.859 |
Hopelessness | 1.92 ± 1.93 | 2.44 ± 2.26 | 5.45 ± 2.87ab | 4.21 ± 3.08abc | 7.22 ± 2.61abcd | .410 ~ 2.538 |
Suicide Tendency | .15 ± .58 | .38 ± .98 | 1.35 ± 2.07ab | .78 ± 1.60ac | 2.24 ± 2.28abcd | .329 ~ 1.807 |
Overactivation | 1.19 ± 1.42 | 4.09 ± 1.49a | 1.13 ± 1.15b | 2.66 ± 2.03abc | .90 ± 1.02b | .725 ~ 2.803 |
Retardation | 1.67 ± 1.64 | 2.13 ± 1.80 | 3.85 ± 2.52ab | 3.37 ± 2.60ab | 5.04 ± 2.28abcd | .493 ~ 1.882 |
Distraction/ Impulsivity | 1.80 ± 1.49 | 3.80 ± 1.78a | 2.95 ± 1.37ab | 3.69 ± 1.59 ac | 1.89 ± 1.30bc | .482 ~ 1.362 |