Variables | Depression | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Â | Female | |||||||
OR | 95% CI | Â | OR | 95% CI | |||||
Total | |||||||||
Health behavioursa | |||||||||
  Yes | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
  No | 1.48 | (1.31 | – | 1.68) |  | 1.42 | (1.32 | – | 1.53) |
Age (years) | |||||||||
 19–29 | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
 30–39 | 1.03 | (0.85 | – | 1.26) |  | 0.67 | (0.58 | – | 0.77) |
 40–49 | 0.62 | (0.50 | – | 0.76) |  | 0.47 | (0.41 | – | 0.55) |
 50–59 | 0.57 | (0.46 | – | 0.71) |  | 0.45 | (0.39 | – | 0.53) |
  ≥ 60 | 0.61 | (0.49 | – | 0.76) |  | 0.45 | (0.38 | – | 0.54) |
Marital Status | |||||||||
 Living with spouse | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
 Living without spouse | 1.59 | (1.43 | – | 1.77) |  | 1.63 | (1.52 | – | 1.75) |
Region | |||||||||
 Metropolitan area | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
 Rural | 0.92 | (0.83 | – | 1.02) |  | 0.92 | (0.85 | – | 0.98) |
Occupational categoriesb | |||||||||
 White | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
 Pink | 1.35 | (1.09 | – | 1.67) |  | 0.99 | (0.86 | – | 1.14) |
 Blue | 1.21 | (1.02 | – | 1.45) |  | 0.88 | (0.76 | – | 1.02) |
 Inoccupation | 3.07 | (2.56 | – | 3.69) |  | 1.69 | (1.50 | – | 1.91) |
Educational level | |||||||||
 Middle school or less | 1.65 | (1.41 | – | 1.93) |  | 1.77 | (1.53 | – | 2.04) |
 High school | 1.16 | (1.01 | – | 1.33) |  | 1.32 | (1.18 | – | 1.48) |
 College or over | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
Household income | |||||||||
 Low | 2.21 | (1.84 | – | 2.66) |  | 1.89 | (1.66 | – | 2.16) |
 Mid-low | 1.22 | (1.03 | – | 1.44) |  | 1.32 | (1.17 | – | 1.49) |
 Mid-high | 0.99 | (0.83 | – | 1.18) |  | 1.09 | (0.96 | – | 1.24) |
 High | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
Obesity Status (BMI)d | |||||||||
 Underweight and Normal range | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
 Overweight | 0.67 | (0.59 | – | 0.75) |  | 0.80 | (0.73 | – | 0.87) |
 Obese | 0.69 | (0.62 | – | 0.78) |  | 0.87 | (0.80 | – | 0.94) |
The number of chronic diseasese | |||||||||
 0 | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
 1 | 1.25 | (1.11 | – | 1.40) |  | 1.26 | (1.14 | – | 1.39) |
  ≥ 2 | 1.56 | (1.38 | – | 1.77) |  | 1.47 | (1.33 | – | 1.62) |
Perceived health status | |||||||||
 Good | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |
 Bad | 4.16 | (3.58 | – | 4.85) |  | 2.75 | (2.47 | – | 3.07) |
Perceived stress | |||||||||
 Substantial | 9.29 | (8.41 | – | 10.26) |  | 8.39 | (7.83 | – | 8.98) |
 Less | 1.00 |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |