Table 1 Characteristics of included studies of antenatal depression and postnatal depression in HIV-infected women compared with controls
From: Prevalence of perinatal depression among HIV-positive women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Study (Author, year of publication) | Country and location | N | Type of study | Time of assessment | Instrument and cutoff value | HIV+ | Controls | Number with depression in HIV+ group | Number with depression in control group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antenatal | |||||||||
Bonacquisti et al., 2014 [25] | America, Urban, 1 obstetrics/gynecology clinic | 163 | Case-control study | 24 weeks | CES-D ≥ 16 | 50 | 113 | 18 | 41 |
Collin et al., 2006 [26] | Zambia, Urban, 1 antenatal clinic | 181 | Cross-sectional | 33 weeks | SRQ-20 ≥ 7 | 89 | 92 | 20 | 20 |
Malqvist et al., 2016 [27] | Swaziland, Peri-urban | 973 | Cross-sectional | 3rd trimester of pregnancy | EPDS≥13 | 412 | 561 | 105 | 117 |
Manikkam and Burns, 2012 [28] | South Africa, Urban, Antenatal clinic at tertiary hospital | 378 | Cross-sectional | 28.6 weeks mean | EPDS≥13 | 104 | 201 | 44 | 66 |
Manongi et al., 2017 [29] | Tanzania, Semi-urban, Antenatal care clinic | 1116 | Cross-sectional | 24 weeks | EPDS≥13 | 38 | 1078 | 11 | 117 |
Natamba et al., 2014 [30] | Uganda, Urban, 1 antenatal care clinic other public medical facilities | 123 | Case-control study | 18 weeks | CES-D ≥ 16 | 36 | 87 | 19 | 25 |
Nydoo et al., 2017 [20] | South Africa, Urban, 2 antenatal clinics | 102 | Cross-sectional | 1st trimester of pregnancy | EPDS≥13 | 40 | 62 | 2 | 8 |
Osok et al., 2018 [21] | Kenyan, Rural, Maternal child health clinic | 176 | Cross-sectional | Not provided | EPDS≥13 | 14 | 162 | 13 | 45 |
Rochat et al., 2011 [31] | South Africa, Rural, 1 primary health care clinic | 109 | Cross-sectional | second half of pregnancy | SCID | 49 | 60 | 27 | 24 |
Rubin et al., 2011 [32] | America, Urban, 6 clinic sites | 244 | Longitudinal | ≤10 months before delivery | CES-D ≥ 16 | 139 | 105 | 47 | 40 |
Stranix-Chibanda et al., 2005 [33] | Zimbabwe, Peri-urban, 3 antenatal clinics | 437 | Cross-sectional | 3rd trimester of pregnancy | SSQ ≥ 8 | 62 | 212 | 12 | 35 |
Thomas et al., 2017 [34] | South Africa, Rural, 2 primary health care clinics | 899 | Cohort study | 28–32 weeks | EPDS≥13 | 192 | 707 | 51 | 174 |
Tomlinson et al., 2018 [35] | South Africa, Urban, Community sample | 1241 | randomised controlled trial | 26 weeks | EPDS>13 | 295 | 943 | 113 | 320 |
Postnatal | |||||||||
Aaron et al., 2015 [36] | America, Urban, 1 obstetrics/gynecology clinic | 162 | Case-control study | 6 months | CES-D > 16 | 49 | 113 | 15 | 25 |
Chersich et al., 2008 [37] | Kenya, Urban, a pediatric clinic in provincial hospital | 500 | Cross-sectional | 1 year | ICD-10 | 54 | 446 | 2 | 6 |
Chibanda et al., 2014 [38] | Zimbabwe, Peri-urban, 2 postnatal clinics | 210 | Cross-sectional | 6–8 weeks | EPDS≥11 | 31 | 148 | 14 | 35 |
Collin et al., 2006 [26] | Zambia, Urban, 1 antenatal clinic | 181 | Cross-sectional | 7 days | SRQ-20 ≥ 7 | 89 | 92 | 4 | 6 |
Cyimana et al., 2010 [39] | Zambia, Urban, University teaching tertiary hospital | 229 | Cross-sectional | 2–6 weeks | EPDS≥13 | 46 | 183 | 17 | 47 |
Dow et al., 2014 [40] | Malawi, Urban primary clinic and peri-urban clinic | 492 | Longitudinal | 10–14 weeks | EPDS≥12 | 338 | 154 | 39 | 15 |
Mokhele et al., 2019 [41] | South Africa, N/A, Midwife Obstetric Units | 1151 | Cross-sectional | 1 month | CES-D 10 ≥ 10 | 690 | 461 | 70 | 50 |
Okronipa et al., 2012 [42] | Ghana, Rural, 3 prenatal clinics | 328 | Cross-sectional | 6 months | EPDS≥13 | 152 | 176 | 26 | 5 |
Rubin et al., 2011 [32] | America, Urban, 6 clinic sites | 244 | Longitudinal | ≤12 months after delivery | CES-D ≥ 16 | 139 | 105 | 43 | 37 |
Stewart et al., 2008 [43] | Malawi, Rural, Child health clinic at government hospital | 501 | Cross-sectional | 9.9 month mean | SRQ-20 ≥ 8 | 57 | 257 | 25 | 67 |