N | Total | Intervention group | Control group | p-values | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
General information | |||||
Teams, N | 27 | 17 | 10 | ||
Nurses, N | 138 | 82 | 56 | ||
Patient characteristics | |||||
Patients, N | 244 | 140 | 104 | ||
Age, mean ± SD, years | 240 | 46.1 ± 10.8 | 44.3 ± 10.9 | 48.6 ± 10.2 | .002 |
Male sex, N (%) | 120 (49.2) | 66 (47.1) | 54 (51.9) | .46 | |
Housing, N | 240 | .38 | |||
F-ACT teams (patients) | 19 (193) | 12 (108) | 7 (85) | ||
Sheltered living teams (patients) | 8 (51) | 5 (32) | 3 (19) | ||
Years since first contact MH organisation, mean ± SD, years | 220 | 17.0 ± 11.0 | 15.6 ± 11.3 | 19.0 ± 10.3 | .021 |
Adiposity | |||||
Waist circumference, mean ± SD, cm | |||||
- male | 114 | 111.3 ± 12.7 | 112.3 ± 14.2 | 110.0 ± 10.7 | .32 |
- female | 116 | 110.2 ± 16.3 | 111.9 ± 17.0 | 107.8 ± 15.0 | .18 |
Body Mass Index (BMI), mean ± SD, kg/m2 | 233 | 32.0 ± 6.4 | 32.7 ± 7.2 | 31.1 ± 5.1 | .045 |
BMI categories, N (%): | 233 | .36 | |||
Normal (BMI < 25) | 21 (9.0) | 11 (8.3) | 10 (10.0) | ||
Overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30) | 81 (34.8) | 44 (33.1) | 37 (37.0) | ||
Obese I (30 ≤ BMI < 35) | 70 (30.0) | 40 (30.1) | 30 (30.0) | ||
Obese II (35 ≤ BMI < 40) | 36 (15.5) | 19 (14.3) | 17 (17.0) | ||
Obese III (BMI ≥40) | 25 (10.7) | 19 (14.3) | 6 (6.0) | ||
Blood pressure (BP), mean ± SD, mmHG | |||||
Systolic BP | 230 | 133.1 ± 17.0 | 132.9 ± 17.3 | 133.4 ± 16.7 | .82 |
Diastolic BP | 227 | 84.1 ± 10.5 | 85.0 ± 10.5 | 82.9 ± 10.5 | .15 |
Use of BP lowering medication, No. (%) | 171 | 45 (26.3) | 21 (22.1) | 24 (31.6) | .16 |
Lipids | |||||
Total cholesterol, mean ± SD, mmol/L | 199 | 5.08 ± 1.11 | 5.17 ± 1.05 | 4.96 ± 1.18 | .20 |
HDL-cholesterol, mean ± SD, mmol/L | |||||
- male | 107 | 1.03 ± 0.23 | 1.01 ± 0.23 | 1.05 ± 0.22 | .38 |
- female | 103 | 1.36 ± 0.47 | 1.35 ± 0.53 | 1.36 ± 0.37 | .95 |
LDL-cholesterol, mean ± SD, mmol/L | 196 | 3.07 ± 0.94 | 3.09 ± 0.88 | 3.05 ± 1.02 | .75 |
Triglycerides, median [25-75th %], mmol/L | 94 | 1.73 [1.08; 2.41] | 1.68 [1.03; 2.53] | 1.76 [1.22; 2.15] | .90 |
Use of lipid lowering medication, No. (%) | 171 | 45 (26.3) | 22 (22.7) | 23 (31.1) | .22 |
Glucose metabolism | |||||
Fasting glucose, median [25-75th %], mmol/L | 93 | 6.0 [5.4; 7.0] | 5.7 [5.3; 7.0] | 6.2 [5.7; 7.0] | .09 |
HbA1c, median [25-75th %], (%) | 190 | 36.0 [33.3; 41.0] | 36.0 [33.0; 39.0] | 38.0 [34.0; 44.0] | .009 |
Diagnosis of diabetesb | 235 | 73 (31.1) | 36 (27.1) | 37 (36.3) | .13 |
Use of glucose lowering medication, N (%) | 162 | 37 (22.8) | 17 (18.5) | 20 (28.6) | .13 |
Metabolic syndrome, N (%) | 84 | 56 (66.7) | 25 (56.8) | 31 (77.5) | .37 |
Metabolic syndrome Z-scorea, mean ± SD, SD | 84 | 0.65 ± 0.92 | 0.61 ± 0.96 | 0.69 ± 0.88 | .68 |
Psychiatric characteristics | |||||
Psychiatric diagnosis, N (%) | 243 | ||||
Psychotic disorder | 140 (57.6) | 86 (61.4) | 54 (52.5) | .16 | |
Mood disorder | 68 (28.0) | 36 (25.7) | 32 (31.1) | .36 | |
Personality disorder | 64 (26.3) | 34 (24.3) | 30 (29.1) | .40 | |
Anxiety disorder | 33 (13.6) | 18 (12.9) | 15 (14.6) | .70 | |
Psychiatric comorbidityc, N (%) | 243 | 75 (30.9) | 40 (28.6) | 35 (34.0) | .37 |
Use of antipsychotics, N (%) | 217 | 187 (86.2) | 108 (87.8) | 79 (84.0) | .43 |
Antipsychotic medication based on metabolic side effectd, N (%) | 224 | .74 | |||
No effect | 71 (31.7) | 42 (33.1) | 29 (29.9) | ||
Medium effect | 76 (33.9) | 44 (34.6) | 32 (33.0) | ||
High effect | 77 (31.7) | 41 (32.3) | 36 (37.1) | ||
Smoking, yes, N (%) | 198 | 110 (55.6) | 60 (55.6) | 50 (55.6) | .99 |
Stage of changee, N (%) | |||||
Dietary behaviour | 209 | .13 | |||
Pre-contemplation phase | 11 (5.3) | 5 (4.3) | 6 (6.5) | ||
Contemplation phase | 51 (24.4) | 29 (24.8) | 22 (23.9) | ||
Preparation phase | 56 (26.8) | 39 (33.3) | 17 (18.5) | ||
Action phase | 21 (10.0) | 11 (9.4) | 10 (10.9) | ||
Maintenance phase | 70 (33.5) | 33 (28.2) | 37 (40.2) | ||
Physical activity behaviour | 201 | .00 | |||
Pre-contemplation phase | 29 (14.4) | 12 (11.0) | 17 (18.5) | ||
Contemplation phase | 49 (24.4) | 36 (33.0) | 13 (14.1) | ||
Preparation phase | 43 (21.4) | 29 (26.6) | 14 (15.2) | ||
Action phase | 18 (9.0) | 10 (9.2) | 8 (8.7) | ||
Maintenance phase | 62 (30.8) | 22 (20.2) | 40 (43.5) |