Table 2 Participant demographics, clinical profile and medication use at pre-treatment
Variable | Total n = 19 |
|---|---|
Age | |
Mean (Range) | 37.0 (19–57) |
Sex | |
Female | 13 (68%) |
Marital Status | |
Single | 9 (47.4%) |
Married/registered partnership/in a relationship | 8 (42.1%) |
Divorced/widow/widower | 1 (5.3%) |
Other | 1 (5.3%) |
Educational Level | |
Primary school | 1 (5.3%) |
Secondary school | 9 (47.4%) |
University | 9 (47.4%) |
Occupation | |
Working/studying/self-employed | 9 (47.4%) |
On sick leave, disability pension etc | 8 (42.1%) |
Other | 2 (10.5%) |
Pre-treatment ADHD severitya | |
Overall, Mean (SD) | 43 (13.6) |
Inattention subscale, Mean (SD) | 24 (7.2) |
Hyperactivity/impulsivity, Mean (SD) | 20 (7.9) |
ADHD-subtype | |
Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive | 4 (21%) |
Predominantly inattentive | 6 (32%) |
Combined subtype | 7 (42%) |
NOS | 1 (5%) |
Current comorbid psychiatric symptoms | 13 (68%) |
Comorbid psychiatric problems in the past yeare | |
Depression | 15 (79%) |
Anxiety | 13 (68%) |
Panic attacks | 8 (42%) |
Excessive worry | 8 (42%) |
Post-traumatic stress | 4 (21%) |
Specific phobia | 4 (21%) |
Intrusive thoughts and/or impulses | 4 (21%) |
Psychosis | 1 (5%) |
Manic episodes | 1 (5%) |
Alcohol and/or substance abuse/addiction | 1 (5%) |
Other | 3 (16%) |
Number of comorbid psychiatric problems in the past year | |
Mean (SD) | 3.3 (2.6) |
Sleep Disorder Screeningb | |
Insomnia | 19 (100%) |
Nightmares | 15 (79%) |
Circadian rhythm sleep disorder | 14 (73%) |
Sleep apnea | 14 (73%) |
Restless legs/Periodic limb movements disorder | 10 (53%) |
Narcolepsy | 4 (21%) |
Daytime impairment (irritation, concentration difficulties etc.) | 18 (95%) |
Years with Sleep Problemsf | |
Mean (range) | 15.3 (1.5–40) |
Pre-treatment Insomnia severityc | |
Mean ISI score (SD) | 15 (3.9) |
Clinical insomnia, severe (22–28 points) | 1 (5%) |
Clinical insomnia, moderate severity (15–21 points) | 11 (58%) |
Subthreshold insomnia (8–14 points) | 6 (32%) |
No clinically significant insomnia (0–7 points) | 1 (5%) |
Circadian typedg | |
Extreme morning type | 1 (5%) |
Morning-type | 0 (0%) |
Intermediate type | 2 (11%) |
Evening-type | 3 (16%) |
Extreme evening-type | 12 (63%) |
Current stimulant use, n (%) | 15 (79%) |
Stimulantse | |
Methylphenidate | 7 (37%) |
Dextroamphetamine | 4 (21%) |
Lisdexamfetamine | 7 (37%) |
Current sleep medication use, n (%) | 8 (42%) |
Sleep medicationse | |
Melatonin | 4 (22%) |
Z-drugs | 2 (11%) |
Antipsychotics | 3 (16%) |
Antihistamines | 2 (11%) |
Current use of other medication, n (%) | 11 (58%) |
Other medicationse | |
Anticonvulsant | 3 (16%) |
Antidepressant | 7 (37%) |
Other | 8 (42%) |