Table 1 Correspondence between DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) in PDQ-4+ and SCID-II

(1) An exaggerated sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements)

I have achieved much more than others think. (Item-5)

Most people do not appreciate your extraordinary talents or achievements. (Item-73).

Some people say that you have too high self-evaluation. (Item-74).

(2) Preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal love

I often find myself thinking about what an important person I am or how I am going to be. (Item-18)

You say you often think that 1 day you will gain power, reputation or praise. (Item-75).

You say you often think that 1 day you will have a perfect love story. (Item-76).

(3) Believes he is “special” and can only be understood by, or should associate with, other special or high-status people (or institutions)

Only some special person can really appreciate and understand me. (Item-31).

When you encounter problems, you almost always insist on meeting senior leaders. (Item-77).

You think it’s only worth spending time with special or important people. (Item-78).

(4) Requires excessive admiration

I need people to pay attention to me or to praise me. (Item-44).

People pay attention to or envy you in some way, which is very important to you. (Item-79).

(5) Has a sense of entitlement

When a salesperson makes me wait in front of the counter or wait for a long time, I tend to feel indignant and angry. (Item-57)

When certain rules or social conventions interfere with you, you do not think it is necessary to comply with them. (Item-80).

You often feel that others are giving you special treatment. (Item-81)

(6) Selfishly takes advantage of others to achieve his own ends

Some people think I use others. (Item-68).

You often feel that it is necessary to offend some people in order to get what you want. (Item-82).

You often have to put your needs above others. (Item-83).

You often want others to look at your face and do what you want without doubt. (Item-84).

(7) Lacks empathy

People often blame me for not realizing that they are in a bad mood. (Item-73).

You often think that it doesn’t matter how to treat others’ thoughts or feelings. (Item-85).

(8) Is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him

Some people are jealous of me. (Item-79).

When others do well, you will be angry. (Item-86).

You feel that people are often jealous of you. (Item-87).

(9) Shows arrogant, haughty, patronizing, or contemptuous behaviors or attitudes

Others think I’m arrogant. (Item-92).

You think that few people are worth your time or attention. (Item-88).