Skip to main content

Table 1 Comparison of the three-generation sample and 1982 and 2004 Cohorts

From: Grandmothers’ mental health is associated with grandchildren’s emotional and behavioral development: a three-generation prospective study in Brazil

Sample characteristics

Three-generational sample (n = 92 with G1, G2)

Whole 1982 sample (n = 5914)

Whole 2004 sample (n = 4231)

Chi2, p across groups

% Income in minimum wages

  < 1

31%

22%

21%

11.8, 0.019

1.1–3

55%

47%

46%

 

  > 3

14%

31%

33%

 

Grandmother age at birth of G2

  < 20

17%

15%

N/A

0.20, 0.904

20–29

58%

58%

  

  + 30

25%

27%

  

Marital status of parent (G2)

% Married

82%

N/A

83%

0.034, 0.852

Parity of G2 mother

% Primiparous

56%

N/A

39%

5.8, 0.016

Involvement of G2 father

% Play with child

85%

N/A

87%

0.16, 0.684

% Put child to bed

57%

 

55%

0.89, 0.344

% Bathe child

39%

 

35%

0.34, 0.558

% Educate child

81%

 

80%

0.03, 0.858

% Grandmothers (G1) above SRQ-20a threshold

28%

27%

N/A

0.16, 0.692

% Mothers (G2) work when child (G3) is 48 months

68%

N/A

65%

0.20, 0.653

% Grandmothers (G1) work when mother (G2) was 2 years old

35%

N/A

34%

0.02, 0.882

  1. Note: a SRQ-20: Self-Reported Questionnaire