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Table 5 Means and standard deviations of the long-term effects in participants with clinically relevant depressive symptoms and non-clinically relevant depressive symptoms

From: Sleep better, feel better? Effects of a CBT-I and HT-I sleep training on mental health, quality of life and stress coping in university students: a randomized pilot controlled trial

Variable

 

N

Pre-test

Post-test

Follow-up

M (SD)

M (SD)

M (SD)

Mental health

 Depression

ADS < 23

10

13.80 (5.39)

15.70 (8.59)

12.70 (6.24)

ADS ≥23

9

30.00 (4.89)

25.44 (7.60)

22.78 (12.75)

 Somatic complaints

ADS < 23

10

8.30 (3.83)

6.70 (3.89)

6.80 (4.63)

ADS ≥23

8

7.00 (5.29)

6.12 (4.29)

6.00 (3.34)

 Anxiety

ADS < 23

6

7.83 (1.94)

7.33 (2.16)

6.33 (1.97)

ADS ≥23

5

8.40 (2.30)

7.40 (2.30)

6.40 (2.79)

 General stress

ADS < 23

10

4.80 (2.86)

5.00 (3.89)

5.10 (3.14)

ADS ≥23

8

10.00 (3.58)

8.50 (3.02)

6.63 (2.62)

Stress coping strategies

 Adaptive strategies

ADS < 23

10

17.90 (2.43)

15.86 (3.96)

16.32 (4.72)

ADS ≥23

9

17.95 (2.55)

16.32 (4.29)

15.01 (5.54)

 Maladaptive strategies

ADS < 23

8

17.13 (3.17)

16.47 (4.77)

16.56 (4.77)

ADS ≥23

7

21.32 (2.31)

20.75 (1.95)

16.39 (6.04)

Quality of life

 Physical condition

ADS < 23

10

3.20 (.61)

3.55 (.72)

3.62 (.82)

ADS ≥23

9

2.70 (.80)

3.27 (.35)

3.51 (.59)

 Cognitive emotional condition

ADS < 23

10

3.32 (.45)

3.23 (.54)

3.43 (.57)

ADS ≥23

9

2.52 (.41)

2.77 (.42)

2.99 (.49)

 Quality of life

ADS < 23

10

3.67 (.39)

3.63 (.57)

3.76 (.53)

ADS ≥23

9

2.79 (.44)

3.14 (.39)

3.41 (.43)