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Table 3 Adjusted Regression Models for HUI3 Attribute Utility Scores for Inmates with ADHD Compared with Inmates without ADHD; (n = 96 ADHD, n = 294 non-ADHD)

From: The economic consequences of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in the Scottish prison system

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

HUI3 attributes

Beta coef. (se)

Beta coef. (se)

Beta coef. (se)

 Vision

−0.04 (0.01)**

− 0.04 (0.01)**

− 0.04 (0.01)**

 Hearing

− 0.48 (0.22)*

− 0.30 (0.20)

 Speech

−0.08 (0.04)

−0.05 (0.05)

− 0.05 (0.05)

 Ambulation

−0.51 (0.23)*

− 0.54 (0.25)*

− 0.54 (0.25)*

 Dexterity

− 0.06 (0.11)

− 0.03 (0.12)

− 0.03 (0.12)

 Emotion

−0.19 (0.04)***

− 0.05 (0.04)

−0.06 (0.04)

 Cognition

−0.29 (0.05)***

− 0.20 (0.05)***

− 0.20 (0.05)***

 Pain

− 0.15 (0.07)*

− 0.02 (0.07)

−0.02 (0.07)

QALY derived by HUI3a

−0.25 (0.04)***

− 0.13(0.04)***

− 0.10 (0.04)*

  1. Note. The first two columns refer to Tobit models using data that was corrected for ‘don’t know’ answers. The third column includes the sensitivity analysis, in which we fitted a similar Tobit model but using only available data without accounting for ‘don’t know’ answers
  2. aAll tobit models to account for censoring at the upper level of the outcome QALY
  3. Model 1 is adjusted for age
  4. Model 2 is adjusted for age + BSI anxiety + BSI depression
  5. Model 3 is adjusted for age + BSI anxiety + BSI depression and is a sensitivity analysis of the sample without correction for ‘don’t know’ answers
  6. *p < 0.05
  7. **p < 0.01
  8. ***p < 0.001