Table 2 Gambling severity categories and mean scores (SD) based on the Problem and Pathological Gambling Measure (PPGM) across the five data waves
Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 3 | Time 4 | Time 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | |||||
Sample size at given data wave | 4120 | 3939 | 3901 | 3829 | 3799 |
Non-gambler [N (%)] | 309 (7.5) | 298 (7.6) | 363 (9.3) | 423 (11.0) | 406 (10.7) |
Recreational gambler [N (%)] | 3111 (75.5) | 3092 (78.5) | 3034 (77.8) | 2978 (77.8) | 2951 (77.7) |
At-risk gambler [N (%)] | 564 (13.7) | 436 (11.1) | 401 (10.3) | 324 (8.5) | 365 (9.6) |
Problem/pathological gambler [N (%)] | 136 (3.3) | 113 (2.9) | 103 (2.6) | 104 (2.7) | 77 (2.0) |
PPGM scorea [M (SD)] | 1.13 (0.57) | 1.09 (0.54) | 1.06 (0.54) | 1.03 (0.55) | 1.03 (0.53) |
Males | |||||
Sample size at given data wave | 1867 | 1770 | 1742 | 1713 | 1690 |
Non-gambler [N (%)] | 135 (7.2) | 127 (7.2) | 165 (9.5) | 194 (11.3) | 186 (11.0) |
Recreational gambler [N (%)] | 1385 (74.2) | 1376 (77.7) | 1321 (75.8) | 1322 (77.2) | 1278 (75.6) |
At-risk gambler [N (%)] | 281 (15.1) | 222 (12.5) | 215 (12.3) | 149 (8.7) | 187 (11.1) |
Problem/pathological gambler [N (%)] | 65 (3.5) | 45 (2.5) | 41 (2.4) | 48 (2.8) | 39 (2.3) |
PPGM scorea [M (SD)] | 1.15 (0.58) | 1.10 (0.54) | 1.08 (0.55) | 1.03 (0.56) | 1.05 (0.56) |
Females | |||||
Sample size at given data wave | 2253 | 2169 | 2159 | 2116 | 2109 |
Non-gambler [N (%)] | 174 (7.7) | 171 (7.9) | 198 (9.2) | 229 (10.8) | 220 (10.4) |
Recreational gambler [N (%)] | 1725 (76.5) | 1716 (79.1) | 1713 (79.3) | 1656 (78.3) | 1673 (79.3) |
At-risk gambler [N (%)] | 283 (12.6) | 214 (9.9) | 186 (8.6) | 175 (8.3) | 178 (8.4) |
Problem/pathological gambler [N (%)] | 71 (3.1) | 68 (3.1) | 62 (2.9) | 56 (2.6) | 38 (1.8) |
PPGM scorea [M (SD)] | 1.11 (0.56) | 1.08 (0.54) | 1.05 (0.54) | 1.03 (0.54) | 1.02 (0.51) |