Table 2 AAN Criteria for Rating a Study by Class - Diagnostic Articles [34] - where the ‘diagnosis’ is fitness-to-drive

Rating article by class

Evidence provided by a prospective study in a broad spectrum of persons with the suspected condition, using a criterion standard for the case definition. Test should be applied in a blinded evaluation. All people undergoing the test have the presence or absence of the condition.

Evidence provided by a prospective study of a narrow spectrum of persons (N < 100) with the suspected condition, or a retrospective study of a broad spectrum of persons with an established condition by criterion standard, compared with a broad spectrum of controls.

Evidence provided by a retrospective study where either persons with the established condition or controls are of a narrow spectrum (N < 100). The reference standard, if not objective, is applied by someone other than the person performing the test.

Any design where the test is not applied in an independent evaluation OR evidence provided by the expert opinion alone or in descriptive case series (without controls).