Allergy diseases in children with ADHD | |||||
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Population: Children with ADHD Setting: Germany, Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, UK Intervention: none (observation of the difference in risk of allergy diseases) Comparison: Children without ADHD Outcome: Allergic diseases | |||||
Allergy diseases | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | |
Control group risk (Assumed risk) | ADHD group risk (Corresponding risk) | ||||
Asthma | 125 per 1000 | 205 per 1000 (183 to 228) | OR 1.80 (1.57 to 2.07) | 59,646 (5 studies) | ⨁⨁◯◯ LOW a,h |
a) Nationwide studies | a) 71 per 1000 | a) 130 per 1000 (113 to 149) | a) OR 1.96 (1.67 to 2.30) | a) 51,033 (2 studies) | a) ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW b,h |
b) Institutional-based studies | b) 241 per 1000 | b) 347 per 1000 (320 to 374) | b) OR 1.67 (1.48 to 1.88) | b) 8613 (3 studies) | b) ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW c.h |
Allergic rhinitis | 153 per 1000 | 222 per 1000 (169 to 286) | OR 1.59 (1.13 to 2.23) | 59,646 (5 studies) a) | ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW a,d,e,h |
a) Nationwide studies | a) 134 per 1000 | a) 205 per 1000 (129 to 312) | a) OR 1.67 (0.96 to 2.93) | b) 51,033 (2 studies) | a) ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW b,d,e,h |
b) Institutional-based studies | b) 325 per 1000 | b) 416 per 1000 (325 to 511) | b) OR 1.48 (1.00 to 2.17) | c) 8613 (3 studies) | b) ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW c,d,e,h |
Atopic dermatitis | 100 per 1000 | 137 per 1000 (108 to 173) | OR 1.43 (1.09 to 1.88) | 59,646 (5 studies) | ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW a,d,h |
a) Nationwide studies | a) 94 per 1000 | a) 154 per 1000 (124 to 188) | a) OR 1.74 (1.36 to 2.22) | a) 51,033 (2 studies) | a) ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW b,d,h |
b) Institutional-based studies | b) 100 per 1000 | b) 114 per 1000 (100 to 130) | b) OR 1.16 (1.00 to 1.35) | b) 8613 (3 studies) | b) ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW c,h |
Allergic Conjunctivitis | 203 per 1000 | 301 per 1000 (210 to 413) | OR 1.69 (1.04 to 2.76) | 41,908 (3 studies) | ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW c,d,e,h |
a) Nationwide studies | a) 203 per 1000 | a) 347 per 1000 (333 to 360) | a) OR 2.08 (1.96 to 2.21) | a) 37,715 (1 study) | a) ⨁⨁◯◯ LOW f |
b) Institutional-based studies | b) 175 per 1000 | b) 224 per 1000 (144 to 334) | b) OR 1.36 (0.79 to 2.36) | b) 4193 (2 studies) | b) ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW g,d,e,h |
Food allergy Institutional-based studies | 75 per 1000 | 84 per 1000 (67 to 106) | OR 1.13 (0.88 to 1.47) | 8613 (3 studies) | ⨁◯◯◯ VERY LOW c,e,h |