| Forensic group |  | Statistical analysis | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Total ( n = 34) | Premeditated action group ( n = 15) | Impulsive group ( n = 19) | Control patient group ( n = 23) | Forensic ( n = 34) vs. Control ( n = 23) a | Premeditated ( n = 15) vs. Control b | Impulsive ( n = 19) vs. Control c | ||||||
 | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | t or U | df | p | t or U | df | p | t or U | df | p |
Age, years (range) | 40.6 ± 9.5 (22–58) | 44.1 ± 9.2 | 37.9 ± 9.1 | 36.8 ± 11.0 (20–53) | 1.385 | 55 | 0.172 | 2.112 | 36 | 0.042 | 0.338 | 40 | 0.737 |
Duration of education, years | 12.4 ± 2.7 | 11.9 ± 2.2 | 12.9 ± 3.1 | 14.4 ± 2.0 | 2.965 | 55 | 0.004 | 3.673 | 36 | 0.001 | 1.939 | 40 | 0.060 |
Substance abuse, Alcohol/Others/Both | 2/6/2 | 1/3/0 | 1/3/2 | 0/0/0 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age of onset | 25.4 ± 7.2 | 26.3 ± 8.5 | 24.7 ± 6.1 | 22.0 ± 6.7 | 1.834 | 55 | 0.072 | 1.743 | 36 | 0.090 | 1.398 | 40 | 0.170 |
Duration of illness, years | 15.6 ± 10.0 | 18.0 ± 10.6 | 13.8 ± 9.3 | 15.0 ± 10.4 | 0.227 | 55 | 0.822 | 0.854 | 36 | 0.399 | 0.403 | 40 | 0.689 |
Duration of untreated psychosis, months | 26.2 ± 41.8 | 36.2 ± 55.3 | 18.3 ± 26.2 | 18.8 ± 36.3 | 465 |  | 0.219 | 216 |  | 0.202 | 249 |  | 0.429 |
Duration of medication a , years | 13.2 ± 10.2 | 14.4 ± 10.5 | 12.2 ± 10.1 | 13.6 ± 10.1 | 0.164 | 55 | 0.870 | 0.233 | 36 | 0.817 | 0.457 | 40 | 0.650 |
Medication dose, mg d | 706.9 ± 606.4 | 682.3 ± 543.7 | 726.3 ± 665.7 | 477.3 ± 434.8 | 476.5 |  | 0.164 | 212.5 |  | 0.235 | 264 |  | 0.249 |
Medication type, Typical/Atypical/Both/Non | 2/18/13/1 | 1/5/8/1 | 1/13/5/1 | 2/12/4/5 | 7.000 | 3 | 0.072 f | 5.883 | 3 | 0.117 f | 7.041 | 3 | 0.071 f |
PANSS e | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Positive | 12.2 ± 4.8 | 14.3 ± 5.3 | 10.5 ± 3.8 | 9.4 ± 3.6 | 2.356 | 55 | 0.022 | 3.445 | 36 | 0.001 | 0.952 | 40 | 0.347 |
Negative | 17.1 ± 7.0 | 19.7 ± 6.7 | 15.0 ± 6.8 | 14.7 ± 6.2 | 1.292 | 55 | 0.202 | 2.344 | 36 | 0.025 | 0.130 | 40 | 0.897 |
Disorganization | 8.4 ± 3.2 | 9.2 ± 3.4 | 7.7 ± 2.9 | 6.8 ± 3.7 | 1.737 | 55 | 0.088 | 2.020 | 36 | 0.051 | 0.910 | 40 | 0.368 |
Depressive | 6.7 ± 2.6 | 7.4 ± 2.9 | 6.1 ± 2.3 | 7.0 ± 3.2 | 0.420 | 55 | 0.676 | 0.395 | 36 | 0.695 | 1.024 | 40 | 0.312 |
Excitement | 8.3 ± 3.5 | 8.4 ± 3.4 | 8.2 ± 3.8 | 6.7 ± 3.0 | 1.775 | 55 | 0.081 | 1.627 | 36 | 0.112 | 1.450 | 40 | 0.155 |
Intracranial volume, ml | 1619.8 ± 154.2 | 1589.4 ± 173.6 | 1643.7 ± 137.1 | 1618.0 ± 136.8 | 0.045 | 55 | 0.964 | 0.565 | 36 | 0.576 | 0.606 | 40 | 0.548 |