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Table 2 Results of multivariate models for total, right and left hippocampal volumes

From: Early life adversity is associated with a smaller hippocampus in male but not female depressed in-patients: a case–control study

 

Total Hippocampal Volume

Right Hippocampal Volume

Left Hippocampal Volume

estimate

p

estimate

p

estimate

p

ELA+ (vs ELA-)

−0.91

0.002

−0.40

0.02

−0.43

0.007

Sex (women vs men)

0.37

0.26

0.18

0.31

0.18

0.31

Age

0.00

0.81

0.00

0.16

0.00

0.83

Brain volume

0.00

0.07

0.00

0.52

0.00

0.004

MRI acquisition method

 (sequence 2 vs 1)

1.28

0.002

0.85

0.0003

0.37

0.08

 (sequence 3 vs 1)

1.31

0.003

0.77

0.002

0.59

0.01

MDD age at onset

−0.01

0.68

−0.00

0.66

−0.00

0.76

History of suicide attempts (yes vs no)

−0.66

0.02

−0.37

0.01

−0.17

0.25

Previous antidepressant medication (yes vs no)

−0.01

0.98

−1.17

0.25

0.18

0.36

HDRS score

−0.01

0.61

−0.01

0.58

−0.01

0.49

ELA and Sex interaction

1.16

0.03

0.52

0.10

0.61

0.03

  1. ELA early life adversity, ELA+ presence of early life adversity, ELA- absence of early life adversity, MRI acquisition: sequence 1: 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.7 (interpolated) in sagittal plane, sequence 2: 0.94 × 0.94 × 1.00 in axial plane; sequence 3: 0.88 × 0.88 × 1.1 in sagittal plane, MDD major depressive disorder, HDRS hamilton depression rating scale 17 items; bold: p value < 0.05