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Table 1 Comparisons of socio-demographics between undergraduates with and without PSU

From: Prevalence and correlates of problematic smartphone use in a large random sample of Chinese undergraduates

Socio-demographics

Non-PSU: \( \overline{\mathrm{X}} \) ±SD; n (%)

PSU: \( \overline{\mathrm{X}} \) ±SD; n (%)

Multiple comparisons

Test value: t;X2

p

Age

20.66 ± 1.575

20.62 ± 1.407

 

0.39

0.700

Gender

   

0.067

0.795

 Female

452 (54.1)

120 (53.1)

   

 Male

384 (45.9)

106 (46.9)

   

Grade

   

7.385

0.117

 1

178 (21.3)

50 (22.1)

   

 2

221 (26.4)

74 (32.8)

   

 3

235 (28.1)

57 (25.2)

   

 4

167 (20)

42 (18.6)

   

 5 (medical major only)

35 (4.2)

3 (1.3)

   

Residential area

   

0.204

0.652

 Rural

452 (54.1)

126 (55.8)

   

 Urban

384 (45.9)

100 (44.2)

   

Family type 1

   

0.016

0.899

 Single parent

65 (7.8)

17 (7.5)

   

 Non-single parent

771 (92.2)

209 (92.5)

   

Family type 2

   

0.227

0.634

 One child

329 (39.4)

85 (37.6)

   

 Non-one child

507 (60.6)

141 (62.4)

   

Science-humanities division (in high school)

  

1-2

11.652

0.001

 Science (1)

632 (75.8)

145 (64.4)

   

 Humanities (2)

202 (24.2)

80 (35.6)

   

 Non-division

2 (-)

1 (-)

   

Monthly income from family

   

11.058

0.004

  ≤ 1000 RMB (1)

425 (50.8)

122 (54.0)

1–2

4.216

0.040

 1000–1500 RMB (2)

321 (38.4)

65 (28.8)

1–3

3.617

0.057

  ≥ 1500 (3)

90 (10.8)

39 (17.2)

2–3

10.762

0.001

Total

836

226

   
  1. PSU problematic smartphone use