Service user views of spiritual and pastoral care (chaplaincy) in NHS mental health services: a co-produced constructivist grounded theory investigation

Table 3 Helpful services provided by SPC staff

Religious provision	Pastoral provision
Formal religious service	Listening
Prayer	The social side of religious services
Spiritual advice/guidance	Providing an emotional connection
Holy Communion*	Providing hope/self-worth
Confession^	A critical friend
Normalising faith	A bridge between community and ward
	‘Tending the good in someone’

*Holy Communion, shared between Christians, involves breaking bread and wine to commemorate Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection. It is usually a communal ceremony
^Confession, a mainly Roman Catholic practice, involves sharing perceived wrongdoings with a priest in the anticipation of divine forgiveness

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