Table 3 Reliability between two raters for delirium classification systems and their individual criteria
Classification Systems and their Criteria | Reliability whole sample (n = 200) | Reliability dementia subset (n = 117) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Kappa | 95 % CI | Kappa | 95 % CI | |
DSM-III-R | 0.62 | 0.49–0.75 | 0.58 | 0.42–074 |
A Alteration to maintain and shift attention | 0.61 [0.58] | 0.50–0.73 | 0.48 [0.52] | 0.32–0.54 |
B Disorganized thinking | 0.42 [0.67] | 0.29–0.55 | 0.35 [0.61] | 0.18–0.52 |
C Alterations in two of: consciousness, perception, sleep – wake cycle, motor activity, orientation and memory. | 0.66 [0.61] | 0.55–0.77 | 0.29 [0.57] | −0.02–0.60 |
D Acute onset and fluctuation tendency. | 0.58 [0.62] | 0.46–0.70 | 0.51 [0.58] | 0.35–0.67 |
E Evidenced or presumed etiological cause. | 0.45 [0.62] | 0.33–0.57 | 0.35 [0.58] | 0.18–0.51 |
DSM-IV | 0.63 | 0.50–0.76 | 0.54 | 0.37–0.72 |
A Disturbance of consciousness and attention | 0.59 [0.56] | 0.47–0.71 | 0.45 [0.47] | 0.29–0.61 |
B Cognition alteration or perceptual disturbance, not explained by a dementia. | 0.43 [0.66] | 0.31–0.56 | 0.31 [0.59] | 0.15–0.48 |
C Acute onset and fluctuation tendency. | 0.61 [0.63] | 0.49–0.73 | 0.54 [0.53] | 0.39–0.70 |
D Evidence for etiology. | 0.57 [0.64] | 0.46–0.68 | 0.47 [0.56] | 0.31–0.62 |
DSM-5 | 0.73 | 0.62–0.84 | 0.67 | 0.53–0.82 |
A Disturbance in attention and awareness. | 0.67 [0.73] | 0.56–0.78 | 0.57 [0.67] | 0.42–0.71 |
B Acute onset and fluctuation tendency. | 0.71 [0.71] | 0.60–0.81 | 0.63 [0.65] | 0.48–0.77 |
C Additional cognitive change or perception disturbance. | 0.47 [0.73] | 0.33–0.62 | 0.30 [0.67] | –0.5–0.64 |
D No better explanation by another neurocognitive disorder nor reduced level of arousal. | 0.68 [0.70] | 0.57–0.79 | 0.61 [0.62] | 0.49–0.76 |
E Evidence for etiology. | 0.58 [0.72] | 0.47–0.69 | 0.46 [0.65] | 0.31–0.61 |
ICD-10 | 0.57 | 0.42–0.73 | 0.49 | 0.29–0.68 |
A Clouding of consciousness and attention alteration. | 0.58 [0.59] | 0.45–0.70 | 0.45 [0.52] | 0.29–0.61 |
B Disturbance of cognition (memory and orientation). | 0.69 [0.59] | 0.59–0.79 | 0.52 [0.54] | 0.32–0.72 |
C One psychomotor disturbance (shifts from hypo to hyperactivity, reaction time increased, speech increased /decreased, enhanced startle reaction) | 0.52 [0.55] | 0.40–0.64 | 0.49 [0.45] | 0.32–0.65 |
D One alteration of sleep – wake (insomnia, nocturnal worsening, nightmares) | 0.52 [0.56] | 0.40–0.64 | 0.49 [0.52] | 0.33–0.65 |
E Rapid onset and fluctuations. | 0.58 [0.54] | 0.45–0.71 | 0.50 [0.49] | 0.34–0.66 |
F Evidence for an etiologic cause. | 0.50 [0.57] | 0.39–0.62 | 0.37 [0.47] | 0.21–0.53 |