Socio-demographic characteristics: | Non-substance group (N = 58) | Substance group (N = 84) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | P-value | |
Sex (male) | 34 | 59.6 | 60 | 71.4 | 0.151a |
Age, mean (SD) | 41.7 (11.7) | 38.4 (9.6) | 0.068c | ||
Ethnicity | 0.001a | ||||
Norwegian | 38 | 70.4 | 76 | 92.7 | |
Marital status | 0.056b | ||||
Unmarried | 38 | 65.5 | 68 | 81.0 | |
Married/cohabitant | 5 | 8.6 | 7 | 8.3 | |
Divorced | 15 | 25.9 | 9 | 10.7 | |
Education | 0.003b | ||||
Completed primary school | 29 | 55.8 | 47 | 58.8 | |
Completed upper secondary school | 13 | 25.0 | 31 | 38.8 | |
Completed higher education | 10 | 19.2 | 2 | 2.5 | |
Employment status | 0.291b | ||||
Unemployed | 45 | 77.6 | 73 | 86.9 | |
Competitive job/study | 5 | 8.6 | 3 | 3.6 | |
Other | 8 | 13.8 | 8 | 9.5 | |
Living situation | 0.625b | ||||
Alone | 38 | 65.5 | 53 | 63.9 | |
With family | 14 | 24.1 | 17 | 20.5 | |
Staffed housing/supported housing/Institutions (hospital, prison, hospice)/Homeless/unstable living situation | 6 | 10.3 | 13 | 15.7 | |
Clinical characteristics: | |||||
Diagnosis | 0.710a | ||||
Severe mental illness (yes) | 47 | 95.9 | 77 | 92.8 | |
Community treatment order (yes) | 13 | 22.4 | 38 | 45.8 | 0.005a |
Age of onset psychiatric illness, mean (SD) | 27.3 | 9.4 | 24.8 | 8.1 | 0.135d |
Psychiatric symptoms, mean (SD) | |||||
BPRS mean total score, mean (SD) | 2.24 | 0.66 | 2.60 | 0.86 | 0.015d |
BPRS positive symptoms, mean (SD) | 2.23 | 1.14 | 2.65 | 1.34 | 0.075d |
BPRS negative symptoms, mean (SD) | 2.59 | 1.18 | 2.43 | 1.14 | 0.432d |
BPRS agitation mania, mean (SD) | 1.78 | 0.77 | 2.42 | 1.19 | 0.001d |
BPRS anxiety/depressive symptoms, mean (SD) | 2.63 | 1.10 | 2.77 | 0.95 | 0.425c |
Global level of functioning – symptom scale (GAF-S), mean (SD) | 43.6 | 10.6 | 39.8 | 9.8 | 0.032c |
Global level of functioning – functioning scale (GAF-F), mean (SD) | 40.8 | 8.6 | 38.9 | 8.1 | 0.161c |
Level of functioning (PSF), mean (SD) | 4.63 | 1.62 | 4.05 | 1.50 | 0.033c |