Providing care to relatives with mental illness: reactions and distress among primary informal caregivers

Chang, Sherilyn; Zhang, Yunjue; Jeyagurunathan, Anitha; Lau, Ying Wen; Sagayadevan, Vathsala; Chong, Siow Ann; Subramaniam, Mythily

doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0786-9

BMC Psychiatry

Table 2 Socio-demographic correlates of CRA domains

From: Providing care to relatives with mental illness: reactions and distress among primary informal caregivers

		Impact on schedule & health (ISH)		Impact on finance (IF)		Lack of family support (LFS)		Caregiver esteem (CE)
		β	P-value	β	P-value	β	P-value	β	P-value
Age group	21–34	ref		ref		ref		ref
	35–49	0.313	0.021^a	0.097	0.541	0.170	0.255	−0.065	0.553
	50–64	0.108	0.448	−0.241	0.151	0.176	0.262	0.058	0.613
	65 & above	0.046	0.805	−0.192	0.385	0.151	0.465	−0.091	0.551
Gender	Male	−0.042	0.674	0.066	0.571	−0.048	0.664	0.067	0.408
Gender	Female	ref		ref		ref
Ethnicity	Chinese	ref		ref		ref		ref
	Malay	−0.196	0.075	−0.024	0.854	−0.091	0.451	0.226	0.011^a
	Indian	−0.015	0.885	−0.003	0.981	0.031	0.786	0.233	0.005^a
	Others	0.023	0.947	−0.124	0.756	0.257	0.492	−0.323	0.241
Education	No formal & primary	0.005	0.977	0.243	0.237	−0.104	0.588	0.115	0.417
	Secondary	0.004	0.980	0.196	0.248	−0.004	0.979	0.360	0.002^a
	Vocational	−0.081	0.699	0.450	0.070	−0.169	0.465	0.034	0.844
	Pre-U/Junior College/Diploma	0.176	0.215	0.390	0.020^a	0.012	0.938	0.131	0.254
	University & above	ref		ref		ref		ref
Employment status	Employed	ref		ref		ref		ref
	Economically inactive	−0.234	0.178	0.009	0.964	−0.154	0.421	0.088	0.532
	Unemployed	0.024	0.902	0.544	0.018^a	0.084	0.694	0.114	0.471
Marital status	Single	−0.073	0.685	−0.072	0.733	−0.139	0.481	0.036	0.805
	Married	−0.012	0.935	0.087	0.612	−0.017	0.916	−0.096	0.416
	Divorced/Separated/Widowed	ref		ref		ref		ref
Monthly income (SGD)	No income	0.334	0.132	0.200	0.440	0.461	0.058	−0.296	0.099
	Below S$2000	0.182	0.246	0.302	0.102	0.470	0.007^a	−0.228	0.073
	S$2000–S$3999	0.087	0.558	0.110	0.527	0.276	0.091	−0.216	0.073
	S$4000 and above	ref		ref		ref		ref
Relationship (with ref. to care recipient)	Spouse	ref		ref		ref		ref
	Parent	−0.055	0.657	0.243	0.093	−0.193	0.153	−0.061	0.536
	Son/Daughter	−0.031	0.830	0.270	0.108	0.140	0.372	−0.091	0.430
	Sibling	−0.097	0.591	0.254	0.229	0.212	0.284	−0.228	0.117
	Others	−0.001	0.998	−0.233	0.348	0.239	0.302	0.108	0.526
Any medical condition	Yes	0.109	0.222	0.061	0.557	0.076	0.436	−0.083	0.251
Any medical condition	No	ref		ref		ref		ref

^aResults are statistically significant at P <0.05

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