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Table 1 Analysis of variance and mutually adjusted linear regression estimating differences in symptom load between educational categories and across demographic background variables

From: Associations between delayed completion of high school and educational attainment and symptom levels of anxiety and depression in adulthood

  

Anxiety

Depression

      

Linear regression estimates

    

Linear regression estimates

 

N

Mean anxiety

sd

F-test

Multiple comparisons

b

95 % CI

Mean depression

sd

F-test

Multiple comparisons

b

95 % CI

Educational attainment

             

 1 Masters/PhD

539

3.75

2.87

***

4,5

ref

 

2.35

2.41

***

3,4,5

ref

 

 2 Bachelor level

2746

3.84

3.17

 

4,5

−0.07

(−0.38 to 0.23)

2.40

2.59

 

3,4,5

0.14

(−0.12 to 0.39)

 3 HS normative

2878

3.88

3.48

 

4,5

0.09

(−0.22 to 0.40)

2.75

2.68

 

1,2,4

0.41

(0.15 to 0.67)

 4 HS delayed

1862

4.54

3.09

 

1,2,3

0.72

(0.40 to 1.05)

3.17

2.85

 

1,2,3

0.76

(0.48 to 1.03)

 5 Elementary school

2124

4.62

3.57

 

1,2,3

0.75

(0.42 to 1.07)

3.17

2.99

 

1,2,3

0.81

(0.54 to 1.08)

Gender

             

 Men

4116

3.83

3.04

***

 

ref

 

3.03

2.79

***

 

ref

 

 Women

6058

4.35

3.44

  

0.57

(0.44 to 0.70)

2.64

2.73

  

−0.32

(−0.44 to −0.21)

Parental educational status

             

 Higher education

1492

3.81

3.01

***

 

ref

 

2.64

2.68

***

 

ref

 

 HS or equivalent

1099

4.04

3.20

  

0.11

(−0.15 to 0.36)

2.57

2.61

  

−0.03

(−0.25 to 0.18)

 Less than HS

7444

4.20

3.35

  

0.17

(−0.02 to 0.36)

2.85

2.78

  

0.04

(−0.12 to 0.20)

Age in 2006

             

 30 to 35

2542

4.15

3.19

  

ref

 

2.57

2.6

***

 

ref

 

 36 to 40

3169

4.08

3.26

  

−0.13

(−0.30 to 0.05)

2.76

2.74

  

0.13

(−0.01 to 0.28)

 41 +

4463

4.17

3.38

  

−0.15

(−0.31 to 0.02)

2.96

2.86

  

0.24

(0.10 to 0.38)

 Total

10149