Table 7 WSAS. Data summaries at baseline, 3 and 6 months

Mean (SD)

16.9 (6.8)

18.3 (7.1)

15.2 (6.2)

Mean (SD)

11.9 (7.2)

13.6 (5.9)

10.8 (8.1)

  Change from baseline

Estimate (95 % CI)

−4.8 (−7.3, −2.2)

−5.4 (−11.3, 0.5)

−4.3 (−7.3, −1.4)

−1.0 (−7.2, 5.2)

  Hedges' g

Estimate (95 % CI)

0.70 (0.11, 1.28)

0.67 (−0.25, 1.60)

0.61 (−0.21, 1.43)

−0.18 (−1.19, 0.84)

p-value

p = 0.001

p = 0.067

p = 0.008

p = 0.719

Mean (SD)

8.7 (7.7)

8.8 (4.9)

8.7 (10.2)

  Change from baseline

Estimate (95 % CI)

−9.1 (−12.3, −5.8)

−10.4 (−15.4, −5.4)

−7.6 (−12.5, −2.7)

−2.8 (−9.3, 3.8)

  Hedges' g

Estimate (95 % CI)

1.12 (0.55, 1.69)

1.47 (0.61, 2.33)

0.79 (−0.05, 1.62)

−0.33 (−1.20, 0.54)

p-value

p < 0.001

p = 0.001

p = 0.006

p = 0.395