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Table 2 Post-matched health outcome differences for schizophrenia caregivers vs. non-caregiver controls

From: Assessing health status in informal schizophrenia caregivers compared with health status in non-caregivers and caregivers of other conditions

 

Total

Non-caregiver

Schizophrenia caregiver for adult relative

P-value

(N = 1,194)

(N = 796)

(N = 398)

PHQ-9 scalea

   

<0.001

 Minimal (%)

386 (32.33 %)

307 (38.57 %)

79 (19.85 %)

 

 Mild (%)

221 (18.51 %)

137 (17.21 %)

84 (21.11 %)

 

 Moderate (%)

106 (8.88 %)

59 (7.41 %)

47 (11.81 %)

 

 Moderately Severe (%)

56 (4.69 %)

30 (3.77 %)

26 (6.53 %)

 

 Severe (%)

39 (3.27 %)

13 (1.63 %)

26 (6.53 %)

 

Currently using a prescription medication for depression (%)

135 (11.31 %)

65 (8.17 %)

70 (17.59 %)

<0.001

Comorbidities experienced in the past 12 months

    

 Narcolepsy (%)

10 (0.84 %)

4 (0.50 %)

6 (1.51 %)

0.072

 Insomnia (%)

276 (23.12 %)

147 (18.47 %)

129 (32.41 %)

<0.001

 Sleep difficulties (%)

397 (33.25 %)

227 (28.52 %)

170 (42.71 %)

<0.001

 Pain (%)

400 (33.50 %)

242 (30.40 %)

158 (39.70 %)

0.001

 Anxiety (%)

339 (28.39 %)

188 (23.62 %)

151 (37.94 %)

<0.001

 Depression (%)

271 (22.70 %)

154 (19.35 %)

117 (29.40 %)

<0.001

 Heartburn (%)

308 (25.80 %)

182 (22.86 %)

126 (31.66 %)

0.001

 Migraines (%)

284 (23.79 %)

178 (22.36 %)

106 (26.63 %)

0.102

 Headaches (%)

525 (43.97 %)

334 (41.96 %)

191 (47.99 %)

0.048

Mental component summary

   

<0.001

 Mean ± SD

44.01 ± 11.15

45.88 ± 10.87

40.25 ± 10.75

 

Physical component summary

   

<0.001

 Mean ± SD

48.23 ± 9.98

48.96 ± 9.79

46.77 ± 10.20

 

Health utility

   

<0.001

 Mean ± SD

0.69 ± 0.13

0.71 ± 0.13

0.64 ± 0.12

 
  1. aOnly available for 2011 and 2013 NHWS respondents (546 non-caregivers, 262 schizophrenia caregivers); Patient Health Questionnaire-9 = PHQ-9