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Table 4 Mean scores on primary and secondary outcome measures at baseline and follow-up in each condition, with effect sizes for benefits at follow-up

From: The Agewell trial: a pilot randomised controlled trial of a behaviour change intervention to promote healthy ageing and reduce risk of dementia in later life

 

IC

N = 27

  

GS

N = 24

  

GM

N = 24

  

Variable

Mean (SD) Range n baseline

Mean (SD) range n follow-up

t

df

p

ES

Mean (SD) range n baseline

Mean (SD) range n follow-up

t

df

p

ES

Mean (SD) range n baseline

Mean (SD) range n follow-up

t

df

p

ES

(max possible score)

   

Primary outcomes

FCAS (100)

48.25 (8.91)

47.66 (7.95)

.49

26

.62

-.09

45.90 (6.72)

47.14 (8.86)

-.89

20

.38

.19

44.00 (9.22)

45.05 (9.36)

-.76

21

.46

.16

 

28.0-60.0, 27

31.0-62.0, 27

    

24.0-59.0, 24

22.0-63.0, 21

    

19.0-64.0,24

26.0-61.0, 22

    

PASE (361)

117.62 (33.44)

112.96 (46.91)

.48

26

.63

-.09

121.00 (41.85)

124.86 (47.63)

-.43

20

.67

.09

119.17 (50.33)

136.16 (53.47)

−1.57

21

.13

.33

 

60.8-214.4, 27

27.1-222.7, 27

  

38.8-215.0, 24

62.4-226.1, 21

  

25.0-247.2, 24

69.4-297.2, 22

  

Psychosocial well-being

GSES (40)

31.11 (5.45)

30.96 (6.99)

.14

26

.89

-.02

31.57 (4.96)

31.76 (4.06)

-.17

20

.86

.03

31.45 (3.84)

31.36 (4.38)

.14

21

.89

-.03

 

18.0-38.0, 27

16.0-39.0, 27

  

16.0-38.0, 24

27.0-40.0, 21

  

22.0-39.0,24

21.0-38.0, 22

  

CES-D (60)*

10.62 (7.91)

9.85 (9.43)

.44

26

.66

.08

11.85 (10.45)

10.38 (6.49)

.86

20

.39

.19

7.36 (5.46)

9.73 (6.41)

−1.95

21

.07

-.41

 

1.0-34.0, 27

1.0-40.0, 27

  

0.0-41.0, 24

0.0-23.0, 21

  

0.0-25.0, 24

0.0-24.0, 22

  

CASP-19 (57)

45.51 (6.95)

45.59 (8.27)

-.09

26

.93

.02

42.00 (10.17)

43.90 (9.15)

-.15

20

.16

.32

45.59 (6.61)

45.18 (5.51)

.46

21

.62

.02

 

26.0-55.0, 27

22.0-56.0, 27

  

10.0-57.0, 24

24.0-57.0, 21

  

26.0-55.0, 24

32.0-54.0, 22

  

Cognitive function

 

MOCA (30)

25.88 (2.85)

26.37 (2.85)

−1.16

26

.26

.22

25.80 (3.61)

26.23 (3.14)

-.78

20

.44

.17

26.32 (2.64)

27.23 (2.05)

−2.27

21

.03

.48

 

20.0-30.0, 27

19.0-30.0, 27

  

15.0-30.0, 24

16.0-29.0, 21

  

19.0-30.0, 24

24.0-30.0, 22

  

CVLT-II Immediate recall (80)

42.91 (9.17)

43.20 (11.72)

-.17

26

.87

.03

46.10 (9.35)

47.47 (11.08)

-.79

18

.43

.18

48.94 (10.27)

52.35 (11.31)

−1.45

16

.17

.35

 

27.0-57.0, 26

22.0-67.0, 24

  

15.0-64.0, 23

32.0-67.0, 19

  

27.0-63.0, 24

34.0-72.0, 17

  

CVLT-II Delay recall (16)

9.33 (3.21)

10.90 (2.73)

−2.55

20

.02

.56

9.31 (2.23)

10.10 (2.96)

−1.66

18

.11

.38

10.41 (3.00)

11.35 (3.48)

−1.93

16

.07

.47

 

1.0-15.0, 25

7.0-16.0, 21

  

0.0-14.0, 23

6.0-16.0, 19

  

4.0-15.0, 24

4.0-16.0, 17

  

TMT T4-T2 (no max)

69.81 (38.86)

76.44 (42.81)

-.94

26

.35

-.18

69.04 (36.21)

65.47 (31.98)

.49

20

.63

.11

59.18 (30.20)

62.14 (31.32)

-.38

21

.71

-.08

 

27.0-57.0, 25

16.0-169.0, 27

  

19.0-180.0, 24

12.0-129.0, 21

  

18.0-137.0, 24

20.0-121.0, 22

  

VF (no max)

38.59 (10.87)

41.74 (10.74)

−2.05

26

.05

.39

36.96 (14.58)

43.47 (15.24)

−4.15

20

<.001

.90

36.64 (13.92)

39.41 (13.74)

−1.80

21

.09

.38

 

15.0-60.0, 27

16.0-61.0, 27

  

8.0-56.0, 24

10.0-68.0, 21

  

7.0-60.0, 24

10.0-63.0, 22

  

Physical health and diet

 

Body fat percentage*

38.57 (9.43)

36.94 (7.53)

1.65

21

.11

.35

38.43 (7.26)

37.08 (6.71)

1.49

18

.15

.34

39.29 (9.94)

37.32 (7.28)

1.44

15

.17

.36

 

23.2-69.0, 26

23.0-50.6, 23

  

22.0-53.0, 23

23.3-47.1, 19

  

16.0-61.0, 21

23.6-48.4, 17

  

BMI*

29.22 (5.49)

28.75 (5.23)

2.17

22

.04

.80

27.92 (4.26)

27.96 (4.41)

-.20

19

.84

.04

29.74 (4.49)

29.00 (4.37)

1.73

18

.10

.40

 

21.2-41.8, 27

20.3-40.0, 23

  

17.7-35.0, 24

18.0-35.8, 20

  

21.7-39.5, 24

21.2-37.5, 19

  

MEDAS (14)

6.51 (2.42)

7.22 (2.13)

−1.96

26

.06

.39

6.33 (2.26)

6.52 (2.46)

-.61

20

.55

.13

6.55 (2.18)

7.18 (1.71)

−1.33

21

.20

.28

 

1.0-10.0, 27

1.0-11.0, 27

  

1.0-10.0, 24

2.0-11.0, 21

  

1.0-10.0, 24

5.0-11.0, 22

  

Total cholesterol*

5.76 (1.20)

5.65 (1.07)

.93

18

.36

.20

6.00 (1.07)

5.57 (1.03)

1.71

16

.10

.42

5.59 (1.07)

5.31 (1.24)

.83

13

.42

.22

 

3.4-8.0, 22

3.5-7.7, 22

  

4.8-8.6, 21

3.8-7.3, 18

  

3.6-7.8, 20

2.7-6.6, 15

  

QRISK*

21.51 (10.33)

20.20 (9.50)

3.39

25

.002

.66

18.02 (10.13)

16.88 (9.92)

2.76

20

.01

.57

17.86 (8.29)

16.46 (8.70)

2.73

20

.01

.60

 

4.9-42.5, 27

4.2-36.4, 26

  

3.3-45.3, 24

5.9-42.3, 21

  

4.6-34.1, 24

3.6-31.5, 21

  

Physical fitness

            

Predicted aerobic capacity

18.51 (3.23)

20.09 (4.83)

−1.87

9

.09

.59

18.29 (4.00)

18.29 (3.94)

.001

10

.99

0

17.99 (3.43)

19.55 (5.40)

−2.30

10

.05

.69

10.6-23.0, 16

14.7-29.2, 10

  

12.7-18.0, 17

13.6-25.2, 11

  

12.5-19.1, 13

12.9-30.3,12

  

Up and go*

5.38 (.80)

6.67 (3.74)

−1.72

21

.09

-.37

5.03 (.67)

5.05 (1.16)

-.14

18

.89

-.02

5.62 (1.81)

5.37 (1.18)

1.04

17

.31

.25

 

3.8-9.1, 26

4.1-18.6, 23

  

3.8-6.8, 23

3.8-9.2, 19

  

3.8-12.1, 24

3.94-8.78, 18

  

Sit to stand

14.42 (2.39)

14.00 (3.47)

.86

21

.39

-.18

14.89 (2.80)

15.57 (3.62)

−1.34

18

.19

.31

13.94 (2.14)

14.94 (2.43)

−2.66

15

.02

.66

 

8.0-19.0, 26

7.0-21.0, 21

  

10.0-21.0, 23

11.0-25.0, 19

  

6.0-17.0, 23

10.21.0, 17

  
  1. *Lower scores better.
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