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Table 3 Mean raw scores of the neuropsychological parameters for the schizophrenic group with a high SANS score (S1), the schizophrenic group with a low SANS score (S2), and the control group (C) as well as significance of results

From: Neuropsychological and cerebral morphometric aspects of negative symptoms in schizophrenia: negative symptomatology is associated with specific mnestic deficits in schizophrenic patients

Neuropsychological test

Schizophrenics high SANS-score (S1)

Schizophrenics low SANS-score (S2)

Controls (C)

 

Post-hoc analyses

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

F-value 1

S1 vs. S2*

S2 vs. C*

S1 vs. C*

WMS-R, logical memory I

22,80

5,73

29,40

6,15

33,28

6,97

6,58**

n.s.

n.s.

p ≤0,01

WMS-R, logical memory II

15,70

5,98

25,10

5,61

29,63

8,54

8,34**

p ≤0,05

n.s.

p ≤0,01

NAI, wordlist trial I

6,20

1,03

7,90

1,97

8,22

2,79

1,97

n.s.

n.s.

n.s.

NAI, wordlist trial II

8,80

1,93

10,40

2,07

11,84

2,48

4,97**

n.s.

n.s.

p ≤0,01

NAI, wordlist trial III

11,00

1,76

12,80

1,55

13,22

1,75

4,22**

n.s.

n.s.

p ≤0,01

NAI, wordlist delayed

7,90

3,76

11,40

2,41

11,91

3,38

3,7**

n.s.

n.s.

p ≤0,01

HAWIE-R, information

14,80

4,42

16,50

3,17

18,94

3,63

5,5**

n.s.

n.s.

p ≤0,01

WMS-R, visual reproduction I

37,90

2,96

37,60

2,01

39,47

1,68

3,27*

n.s.

p ≤0,05

n.s.

WMS-R, visual reproduction II

34,60

6,29

37,50

1,90

39,13

2,20

5,36**

n.s.

n.s.

p ≤0,01

HAWIE-R, digit span

15,60

3,17

14,50

2,80

17,25

4,53

1,89

n.s.

n.s.

n.s.

HAWIE-R, digit span forward

8,20

2,04

8,20

1,69

8,78

2,09

1,27

n.s.

n.s.

n.s.

HAWIE-R, digit span backward

7,40

1,84

6,30

1,49

8,47

2,85

2,34

n.s.

n.s.

n.s.

Stroop interference

84,00

23,08

90,70

24,22

63,56

11,97

7,85**

n.s.

p ≤0,01

p ≤0,01

Verbal fluency

30,10

9,83

30,70

7,76

41,34

15,51

2,75

n.s.

n.s.

n.s.

WCST, ntcc1

19,60

11,65

12,13

6,36

12,26

3,82

7,07**

n.s.

n.s.

p ≤0,01

WCST, perseverative reactions

14,40

10,16

25,88

23,01

12,39

12,60

2,46

n.s.

n.s.

n.s.

WCST, perseverative errors

13,10

8,50

22,63

18,94

10,88

10,17

2,77*

n.s.

p ≤0,05

n.s.

  1. 1based on the Z-scores of the different neuropsychological test parameters.
  2. n.s. = not significant.
  3. WCST, ntcc1 = WCST, no. of trials to complete category.
  4. (Spearman rank correlation, * p ≤0,05, ** p ≤0,01).