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Table 2 Sociodemographic characteristics, PHQ-4, EDE-Q and EDS-G results for the total sample and the ADHD subgroups

From: Association of symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with symptoms of excessive exercising in an adult general population sample

 

Total

noADHD

coADHD

aADHD

χ2

(n = 1615)

(n = 1451)

(n = 89)

(n = 75)

(df = 2)

Female

53.7

54.9a

32.6b

54.7a

16.9; p < 0.001

Never married

27.5

26.1a

42.7b

37.3b

15.5; p < 0.001

Unemployed

8.6

7.9a

7.9a

22.7b

19.8; p < 0.001

High school or beyond

15.8

16.5a

14.6a

2.7b

10.4; p = 0.005

Obesity

10.7

10.5a

5.6a

21.3b

11.3; p < 0.005

PHQ-4 ≥ 6

5.7

4.5a

6.7a

28.0b

73.6; p < 0.001

EDE-Q ≥ 2.30

4.4

3.7a

4.5a

17.3b

31.4; p < 0.001

EDS-G > 77

3.1

2.7a

9.0b

4.0ab

11.3; p < 0.005

  1. Data are shown as percentages. Values with different superscripts are significantly different (pair-wise contrasts with chi-square tests between two groups).
  2. aADHD = adult ADHD; coADHD = childhood only ADHD; noADHD = no ADHD.
  3. PHQ-4 = Patient Health Questionnaire; EDS-G = Exercise Dependence Scale; EDE-Q = Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire.